Final - Section 2

Question 1

What are the advantages of using an IPM program?

Answer 1

• Economics - Cost benefit analysis
• Environmental - Use least toxic approach
• Public Relations - Documents science-based decisions
• Professionalism - Organized, Planned approach between client and crew

Question 2

Define IPM:

Answer 2

IPM or Integrated Pest Management is an informed, sustainable approach to managing plants and pests by combining cultural, biological, physical and chemical tactics in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks.

Question 3

Why Practice IPM?

Answer 3

Becuase it’s a formalized maintenance approach that is dynamic, pro-active and holistic. It focuses on preperation, organization, professionalism and education. It uses current science as a guide

Question 4

What is an Economic advantage to IPM?

Answer 4

Offers cost-benefit analysis to determine the most economical approach to plant health

Question 5

What are the Environmental advantages to IPM?

Answer 5

• Minimizes ecosystem disruption using ecologically based programs
• Usually reduces total pesticide use

Question 6

What Public Relations advantage do you have using an IPM?

Answer 6

• Documents complex science-based decisions needed to manage plants and plant systems

Question 7

What are the Professional Advantages of using IPM?

Answer 7

• Processed approach to organized, planned responses to risk
• Contract between client and crew about how decisions are made and what results should be expected

Question 8

Why is Site Assesment important im IPM?

Answer 8

• Complete evaluation of management area
• Includes key plants and all other conditions
• Documents current situation
• Results in map

Question 9

Why is a Monitoring Program important to have for IPM?

Answer 9

• Regular inspection of the area allows you to detect problem areas as well as evaluate how treated areas are doing.
• Uses current science as a guide

Question 10

Why is it important to have Decision Making Guidelines as part of your IPM?

Answer 10

Sets threshholds for making informed decisions and Uses current science as a guide.

Question 11

What does an Intervention Plan do?

Answer 11

It Identifies options:

• Uses current science as guide
• Seeks least toxic approach
• Chooses proper tools
• Organizes treatments
• Optimizes practices

Question 12

Why is Record Keeping important for IPM?

Answer 12

• Builds historical record
• Determines the success of management tactics
• Determines the effectiveness of treatments
• Provides cost-benefit analysis
• Leads to good planning
• For regulatory requirements

Question 13

Why is it important to have Education as part of the IPM?

Answer 13

• Ongoing program to keep up with new science and technology
• Leads to good planning
• Sound decision-making
• Realistic expectaions

Question 14

What are the Principles of Control?

Answer 14

Exclusion

Eradication

Resistance

Protection

Question 15

Define Exclusion:

Answer 15

Prevent movement of pathogen into
uninfected areas

Question 16

Define: Eradication

Answer 16

Eliminate or reduce pathogen levels on site

_{<em>(Create conditions that are Unfavorable for the Pathogen)</em>}

Question 17

Define: Resistance

Answer 17

Improve plants ability to tolerate or recover
from attack

Question 18

identify two tools for disease monitoring

Answer 18

• Camera
• Cup Cutter

Question 19

what is a disclosing solution?

Answer 19

• 2 gal. water w/ 1 oz liquid dish soap
• Used for insect diagnosis
• pour on turf, insects come to surface.

Question 20

what four sets of observations should be made during every routine scouting trip?

Answer 20

• Detection and Diagnosis
• Damage Survey
• Environmental Evaluation
• Treatment Evaluation

Question 21

describe 3 types of insect traps and how they can be used.

Answer 21

• Pitfall Trap
  
  • remove soil core, insert sup to catch insects, record qualitative and quantitative data
• Pheromone Trap
  
  • Using specific sexual attractants allows you target a specific species
• Black Light Trap
  
  • This allows you to trap night flying insects and can help determine Peak Adult Flight patterns

Question 22

what are the advantages and disadvantages of using biocontrol products?

Answer 22

• Advantages
  
  • Low toxicity to non-target organisms
  • Low use rates
  • Public Perception
• Disadvantages
  
  • most dont work as well as synthetic products
  • Low Versitility

Question 23

How can Biocontrol agents be used succesfully in your insect control program?

Answer 23

• Using them in a synergistic way with other products
• Using them in out of play areas
• Use on Ornamentals

Question 24

What are endophytes?

Answer 24

• Fungus that lives in Rye and Fescue
• they release a toxin that deters leaf feeding insects
• infected grass is more stress tolerant
• works well in turfgrass
• in some commercially sold turfgrass seed