Final - Section 3

Question 1

what are the pros and cons of using endophytes in your IPM program.

Answer 1

• Pro- Infected plants are more stress tolerant
  
  • deters leaf feeding insects
• Con- Can cause Choke disease that can harm the plants

Question 2

How can you use a pitfall trap?

Question 3

define plant phenology:

Answer 3

Study of the physical changes in plants in relation to the life cycle of insects.

Example: When the Sumac is in full bloom, it means the Chinch Bugs are at peak adult emergence

Question 4

what is pesticide resistance?

Answer 4

It means the pest is no longer affected by the pesticide, it has adapted or developed ways to survive even when the product is used.

Question 5

what is microbial degradation?

Answer 5

The decline of microbial population or activity

Question 6

what is an easy way to cause resistance or microbial degradation?

Answer 6

• using the same MOA products without rotating them in and out with other MOA’s

Question 7

what is the biochemical mode of action for most insecticides?

Answer 7

Nerve Toxins

Question 8

define Non-Selective Herbicide

Answer 8

It doesn’t just affect a particular species, it will have effects on all of the species it comes into contact with

Question 9

how does a pre-emergent herbicide work?

Answer 9

It coats the soil and when the seed breaks open and the plant attempts to grow toward the surface, it contacts the herbicide that is in the soil and kills the plant.

Question 10

How often should you monitor your greens in the summer?

Answer 10

At least once a day

Question 11

what are the two main strategies for your cultural control program?

Answer 11

• Create conditions that favor overall plant health while creating unfavorable confitions for pests.

Question 12

How does endophyte infection benefit the grass? What does the endophyte get out of the deal?

Answer 12

• Causes the plant to be more stress tolerant
• endophyte gets food resources from the plant

Question 13

what does biorational mean?

Answer 13

Overall least harmful effects

Question 14

what is the cheapest method of pest or disease control?

Answer 14

• growing strong, healthy plants

Question 15

define action threshold.

Answer 15

Pest population is high enough where there is a potential
for a problem – intervention may be needed

Question 16

name an herbicide for pre-emergent annual grass control.

Answer 16

Dimension

Question 17

what is Biotrek?

Answer 17

• Trichoderma harzianum
  
  • A fungus that attacks other fungi

Question 18

what is “milky spore disease”?

Answer 18

• Bacilis popillae
  
  • Bacteria in native soil that causes Milky Spore Disease in Japanese Beetles
  • Non Toxic
  • Mixed results in turf

Question 19

how does the federal govt. aid in our disease control programs?

Answer 19

It funds the APHIS and PPQ programs

Question 20

define Suppressive Soils.

Answer 20

Soils that have charecteristics that are unfavorable for plant pests

Question 21

give an example of how you can use cultural practices to eradicate a pathogen.

Answer 21

Dry soil to supress Pythium

Question 22

how can you use exclusion on your golf course?

Answer 22

Sanitation - clean equipment between use

Question 23

what physical method can be used in a disease control program?

Answer 23

Heat treat seed

Question 24

how can chemicals be used to eradicate pathogens?

Answer 24

use of fungicides