1
Q
made the cottone gin and interchangable parts
A
Eli Whitney
2
Q
What was a protecting tariff. who opposed it and who supported
A
Tax on imported goods. North supported it and the south opposed it
3
Q
Textile and textile mill
A
Cloth, water powered machine to spin thread and weave cloth
4
Q
Working conditions in the factories
A
terrible with long hours and low wages
5
Q
cash crop
A
Crops people sold for money. cotton, rice, tobacco, and sugarcane
6
Q
patent
A
A legal document the grants the inventor ownership so nobody can steal it
7
Q
Cotton kingdom
A
Nickname of the south because of the large amount of cotton they produced
8
Q
Samuel Slater
A
Textile worker in Europe who escaped and opened factories in America desguised as a farmer
9
Q
Factory system
A
The placement of workers and machines in a single location to make a product
10
Q
Representative government established in Jamestown in 1619
A
House of Burgesses
11
Q
Indentured sevant
A
Person who agreed to work without pay for a period of time in exchange for passage to the colonies
12
Q
Plantations
A
Large self sufficient farm used for growing cash crops
13
Q
Middle passage passage
A
A route of the triangular trade where slaves were transported in terrible conditions
14
Q
Slave
A
Person held as someone else’s property; forced to work for no pay
15
Q
Mayflower compact
A
A 1620 agreement for ruling the Plymouth colony with majority rule
16
Q
Toleration
A
Willingness to allow others to believe as they wish
17
Q
Triangular trade
A
A trade route Between Americas, Africa, and Europe
18
Q
“Colonial Breadbasket”
A
Nickname given to the Middle region of colonies because of their large grain production
19
Q
Religious freedom guaranteed to all Christions (Act)
A
Act of Toleration
20
Q
Group of people who thought an entirely new church was need in england (Pilgrim)
A
Separatists
21
Q
People who wanted to reform the church of England.
A
Puritans
22
Q
Founder of Georgia
A
James Oglethorpe
23
Q
Quaker who founded Pensylvania for religious freedom
A
William Penn
24
Q
Where and why was Jamestown established
A
In Virginia Jamestown was established as a second chance after Roanoke
25
Why where the New England colonies founded
Religies freeded
26
The middle colonies had a __ population
diverse
27
Why was Maryland created
Safe place for roman cathlics
28
WHy was Georgia created
Safe place for depter
29
Time period in Europe between the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Renaissance; considered the dark ages
Middle ages
30
A self sufficient place during the Middle ages where people had everything they needed
Manor
31
Crusades
Holy wars fought between Muslims and Christians over the holy land of Jerusalem
32
"rebirth" of learning that took place after the middle ages
Renissance
33
Printing press
machine that increased the speed at which books and other pringed materials could be produced
34
Device that helped people use objects in the sky to determine latitude
astrolabe
35
Fast sailing ship with rudder and triangular sails that could sail against the wind
Caravel
36
Conquistador
Spanish conqueror
37
Missionary
Someone who travels to spread the religion
38
Explorer of portugal who established school for sailers
Prince Henry
39
Explorer who wisited China and wrote book about knowledge
Marco Polo
40
Explorer for Spain who led an expedition that circumnavigated the world
Ferdinand Magellan
41
Spansih Conquistedor who conquered the Aztec empire and claimed Mexico for Spain
Hernando Cortes
42
French explorer who discovered the Saint Lawrence River and claimed it for France
Jacques Cartier
43
French explorer who established the colony of New France (Quebec) and Port Royal along the Saint Lawrence River
Samuel de champlain
44
Explored 700 miles of the Mississippi River. Marquette was a French missionary who worked to teach Native Americans about Christianity
Marquette and Jliet
45
Spains goals in exploring and conquering the Americas
Three Gs (gold, God, glory)
46
Frances main goal in conquering the Americas
fur trade
47
The leader of the house of representatives
Speaker of the House
48
term of office for house of representatives
two years
49
How many people in the house of representatives
435
50
term of office for Senate
6 years
51
How many people in the Senate
100
52
President of the senate
vice president
53
How can a vetoed bill still become a law
2/3 of Congress except
54
Three qualifications to become president
Natural born citizen, 35 years old, resident of us for 14 years
55
Stamp act
A tax on legal documents
56
Boston tea party
sons of liberty dresses up as Mohawk Indians to protest the tea act and through tea into the harbor
57
Sugar act
An act by the British Parliament on sugar and molasses that was aimed to stop smuggling and trade
58
Proclamation of 1763
Stated colonist could not move west past the Appalachion Mountains so no war would start
59
Tea act
A tax put on tea, and permitted only the British East India Tea Company to sell tea to colonist
60
Townshend Acts
A series of laws that put a tax on glass, tea, paper, paint, and lead,
61
Propaganda
Persuading Someone to believe something that may or may not be true.
62
Boston Massacre
Conflict between the colonists and the British soldiers that resulted in the death of five colonists
63
Navigation acts
British regulating trade between England and its colonies
64
Charles Townshend
British treasurar who proposed a tax on many colonial imports
65
Samuel Adams
One of the founding fathers who organized the commites of correspondence and sons of liberty
66
King of Britain during American Revolution
George lll
67
John Hancock
First person to sign the Declaration of Independence
68
Paul Revere
Made an engraving about the Boston Massacre and Made a famous trip to Lexigntion and Concord the warn them that the British were coming
69
Ben Franklin
Founding father who made the Albany Plan of Union
70
Committees of Correspondence
A letter writing campaign that became a major tool in the revolution
71
Quartering act
An act requiring colonists to provide food and shelter to redcoats
72
Writs of Assistance
A legal document that made it so British could search colonists ship cargo without giving a reason
73
Intolerable acts
Laws passed by parliament as a result of the Boston Tea Party
74
What did the British call the Intolerable acts
Coercive Acts
75
Parts of Intolerable acts
Closed Boston harbor, Restricted town meetings, Quartering act, and British soldiers being able to go back to Britain for their trials
76
What is a precedent
An example of guide for future people with that role
77
Washingtons precedents
two terms, Cabinet, farewell address, and staying neutral
78
Significance of George Washington
1st president, no alliances - isolationism, and no political parties
79
Whiskey rebellian
Proved that under the constitution the gov could handle a rebellion. Farmers were rebelling against tax on whiskey
80
Three parts of Hamiltons Financial Plan
Pay old loans from public and borrow new money, national bank, protective tariff
81
Significance of John Adams
Second president, first vice president, and sent deploments to the xyz afair
82
XYZ affair
The French were attacking American ships. They asked for money (bribe) which Adams refused. It shows U.S. would not be bullied into bribery
83
Alien Act
Increased the number of years till a foreigner could become a citizen
84
Sedition Act
Made it illegal to openly criticize the government (violation of the first amendment)
85
Significance of Thomas Jefferson
Third president and bought the Lousiana Territory
86
Significance of James Madison
Fourth president during war of 1812
87
Main cause of war of 1812
Impressment
88
Result of war of 1812
Treaty of Ghent which did not state is issue of impressment
89
Define impressment
Forcing captured American to serve in the Britsih Navy
90
Embargo act
Ban on trade with all countries
91
Francis Scott Key
American lawyer who wrote the "Star Spangled Banner" at the Battle of Fort McHenry
92
When and why was the Lousianna purchase
In 1803 The Lousianna Territory doubled the size of the U.S.
93
Significance of New Orleans/ Mississippi River
farmers could quickly ship their goods cheaply
94
2 parts of Washingtons farewell adress
No political alliances, No political parties
95
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
Explored Lousiana Territory
96
War hawks
Congressmen who supported war of 1812 and pressured Madison into declaring it. (Henry Clay)
97
Democratic gov
people participate in decision making
98
Shays rebellian
Farmers lead by Daniel Shay rebelled because the could not pay their taxes. It shows the government under the Articles of Confederation was not strong enough
99
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation (4)
too much power to states, different currency, no power to raise an army, no power to tax
100
who, what, where, when, why of constitutional convention
55 white male delegates, revise Articles of Confederation, Philidelphia State House, May - September 1787, Shays rebellion
101
George Washintons role at Constitutional Convention
Chairperson
102
Purpose of the oath of office
President has to uphold the Constitution
103
What is considered a "fair trial"
Have a lawyer
104
Federalism
division of power among a central government and smaller state governments
105
Checks and balances
Two of the branches can limit the power of the other
106
treason
going agaisnt your country (giving enemy aid)
107
Great Comprimise
Combining the New Jersey plan and Virginia plan to make two parts of congress
108
3/5 comprimise
3/5 of the states slave population would count. This was for the amount of representatives in the house of representatives
109
first amendment
freedom of speech, press, assembly, petition, religion
110
second amendment
right to vote and bear arms
111
third amendment
no quartering of Soldiers
112
fourth amendment
right to privacy (people can no search places without a reason)
113
events leading to the industrial revolution
embargo act, non intercourse act, war of 1812
114
non intercourse act
ban on trade with britain
115
salutary neglect
The time when Britain did not enforce laws on the American colonies
116
navigation and trade acts
law by Britain that regulated trade between it and its colonies
117
First Continental congress
A meeting of delegates from the American colonies as a response of the Intolerable acts
118
boycott
To refuse to buy or use certain goods or services as an act of protest
119
Common sense
A pamphlet statign the British rule was bad for colonies because the British didn't car written by Thomas Paine
120
Second Continental Congress
A governing body of delegates in the 13 colonies as a result of Lexington, Concord, and bunker hill to write the declaration of independence
121
Frances role int he revolutionary war
Gave a Navy Which traped Cornwallis during battle of Yorktown.
122
Lexington and Concord
First battle that said this conflict would incolve war (the shot heard round the world)
123
Bunker hill
Showed the strength of American troups even though they lost
124
Battle of tenton
American victory where Washington planned a suprises attack on hessians by sneaking over the deleware river on Christmas morning
125
Battle of Saratoga
Turning point that convinced France to become an ally
126
Yorktown
The British surrendered their weapons and played "The World turned Upside Down". Last battle where Cornwallis surrendered
127
Valley Forge
"Winter of dispair" Where Americans had very little suppplies but were trained by Van stueben into a army
128
General Braddock
English officer and commander - in - chief for the Frech and Indian war, but lost using open field warfare
129
Baron Von steuben
A Caption of the Prussian army who trained American army during Valley Forge
130
Minutemen
A group of colonial civilians who were ready to fight British at moment notice
131
Hessians
German soldiers hired by the British to fight in the war
132
Mercenary
hired to fight in a war by a certain side
133
Frederick Douglass
Former slave who fought for civil rights, and defied slavery laws by learning how to read
134
Underground Railroad
A network of abolitionists who secretly helped African Americans escape to freedom.
135
What was the Underground Railroad an example of
Civil disobediance
136
Free soil party
Wanted to keep slavery ou tof the western territory
137
Comprimise of 1850
attemp to settle the fighting about slavery
138
Uncle Tom's Cabin
A novel demonstrating the cruel conditions of slavery written by Harriet Beecher
139
Kansas Nebraska Act
An act stating the settlers in each territory would decide the issue of slavery by popular soverignty
140
Dred Scott v. Standford
When Dred Scott tried to sue his owner but was told he did not have rights, and was not a citizen. Showed Congress does not have the ability to free slaves
141
Republican party
A new group of people formed to stop slavery from spreading West
142
John Brown
Wanted to lead a rebellion where he gave slaves weapons, but nobody showed up
143
Era of good feeling
When James Monroe was president people felt nationalism
144
Monroe Doctrine
James Monroe warning European nations not to interfere with newly independent Latin American nations
145
Andrew Jackson (3 things)
1) "common man"
2) Indian Removal act
3) Spoils system
146
James K Polk
President who made it his mission to fulfill manifest destiny (54' 40 or fight)
147
Spoils system
Firing old government worker to replace them with supporters and friends
148
Manifest Destiny
The idea thatn the United States was destined to control all the land up to eh Pacific Ocean
149
Texas journey
Part of Mexico - Independent - Annaxed by U.S.
150
The alamo
Mexicans fought Texans. Texans were defeated - showed courage
151
Oregon Territoy
A piece of land many made a long, hard journey to
152
Mountain men
First American to move to Orgeon country, fur trappers who would sell fur to colonists
153
Cede
Give up
154
Annax
add
155
Cause of Mexican war
Border dispute
156
Effect of Mexican War
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which gave American the Mexican Cessian
157
Gold Rush
Masses of people traveling to California to get fold to become rich. Railroad was completed for this
158
Gadsden Purchase
Land bought from Mexico to finish a railroad in 1853
159
Stephan Austin
The leader of Mexico allowed Americans to settle there under certain guidelines.
160
Davy Crocket
Fought for the Texans Inderpendence, and died and the Alamo
161
William Travis
Led mexicans at the Alamo (lieutenant colonel)
162
Florida Area
Given by Spain in 1819
163
Treaty of Paris
From Britain in 1783
164
Lousianna Purchase
From France in 1803 bought by Thomas Jefferson
165
Texas was Annaxed in
1845
166
Oregon Country
From Britain in 1846
167
The Mexican Cessian
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 front eh Mexican American War
168
First Five presidents
George Washingtion
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison
James Monroe
