First Aid

Question 1

What are the three aims of first aid?

Answer 1

• Preserve life
• Prevent suffering
• Prevent deterioration of situation

Question 2

What must be considered at ALL times
when dealing with emergency patients?

Answer 2

• Safe methods of movement
• Safety of self and others
• Welfare of animal

Question 3

RVNs role

Answer 3

Remain calm
Be prepared
Don’t put anyone at risk
Remove risk from patient
Assess severity condition
get a vet asap

Question 4

A Successful Outcome

Answer 4

Recognition
Communication
Implementation
Monitoring

Question 5

Life Threatening Condition (13)

Answer 5

Unconscious
* Severe haemorrhage
* Pyometra
* RTA
* C/section
* Blocked bladder
* GDV
* Poison
* Prolapsed eye
* Severe burns
* Resp. arrest
* Heatstroke
* Electrocution

Question 6

Immediate Attention Condition

Answer 6

• Dystocia
• Haemorrhage – small cut
• Broken bones

Question 7

ACRASHPLAN

Answer 7

Airways
Circulation
Respiration
Abdomen
Spine
Head
Pelvis
Limbs
Arteries
Nerves

Question 8

Syncope

Answer 8

Fainting

Question 9

Collapse

Answer 9

remains conscious and responds normally to stimuli but
is unable or unwilling to stand up

Question 10

Arterial Haemorrhage

Answer 10

Spirting Blood
Direct digital pressure
Haemostats
Tourniquet

Question 11

Arterial pressure points

Answer 11

brachial – medial proximal humerus,
femoral- medial femur,
coccygeal – ventral tail

Question 12

Venous and Capillary Haemorrhage arrest options

Answer 12

Pressure dressing
Abdominal pressure wrap

Question 13

Lacerated Wound

Answer 13

irregular with jagged uneven
edges. Ripped skin

Question 14

Avulsed Wound

Answer 14

Torn skin flap

Question 15

Modified Glasgow Coma scale

Answer 15

The lower the number the worse the condition of patient
3-8 GRAVE
9-14 GUARDED
15-18 GOOD

Question 16

Functions that the Modified Glasgow Coma scale assess

Answer 16

Level of consciousness
Brain stem reflexes
Motor Activity

Question 17

Superficial or 1st degree burns

Answer 17

Outermost skin layers. Reddened and swollen

Question 18

Partial thickness or 2nd degree
burns

Answer 18

Deeper layer of skin. Blistering

Question 19

Full thickness or 3rd degree
burns

Answer 19

All layers of the skin. Charred, dry, leathery

Question 20

Chemical burns first aid

Answer 20

Run under cold water for 20 min

Question 21

Burns

Answer 21

cold water for 10 minutes (minimum)

Question 22

Smoke Inhalation TX and nuring care

Answer 22

• Blood gas analysis
• Thoracic radiographs
• Oxygen therapy and supportive care
• Close observation

Question 23

Where Can We Get Further Advice On Poisons?

Answer 23

Veterinary Poisons Information Service
24-hour

Question 24

Test for poisons

Answer 24

• Bloods
• Urinalysis (sediment exam)
• Clotting profile (rodenticide)
• Vomit and faeces kept and frozen in case toxicology needed

Question 25

Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV) symptoms

Answer 25

Collapse * Severe hypovolaemic shock * Pale mm * Prolonged CRT * Unproductive retching and hypersalivation

Question 26

Ischaemia-reperfusion Injury

Answer 26

no blood flow to the heart causes an imbalance between oxygen demand and supply, resulting in damage or dysfunction of the cardiac tissue

Question 27

Conciousness Levels in order.

Answer 27

ALERT LETHARGIC OBTUNDED STUPOROUS COMA

Question 28

Seizure drugs

Answer 28

Diazapam Phenobarbital Potassium bromide propofol infusion

Question 29

Hypovolaemic shock

Answer 29

Reduction in circulating blood volume * Haemorrhage * Fluid loss

Question 30

Cardiogenic shock

Answer 30

Heart can no longer pump blood effectively

Question 31

Obstructive shock

Answer 31

Physical obstruction to the blood flow

Question 32

Distributive shock

Answer 32

Shock due to infectious/Sepsis

Question 33

Mild hypothermia

Answer 33

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