First Aid Flashcards

Question

Parvovirus | Spread and prevention

Answer 1

- transmitted by oral contact with infected feces - Can be carried on dogs hair and feet as well as contaminated objects, such as crates, shoes etc - can live for 10-12 months in soil. (Handout says 10 years). No disinfectant can kill it in soil. - hardy virus that resists most cleaners - only hard surfaces can be disinfected (bleach or virualcide) - bleach must remain in surface for 20 minutes. Concentration 1:10

Answer 2

- Acute, highly contagious - attacks rapidly dividing cells in gastrointestinal tract. - virus is shed in large amounts in stool for several weeks after infection.

Answer 3

- can affect dogs of any age. Most common in puppies 6-20 weeks - begins with depression, vomiting, diarrhea. - Diarrhea is profuse, may contain mucus/blood - may or may not have fever

Answer 4

- caused by a species of coccidian found in puppies and some adult feces. - coccidian is a major problem for neonatal puppies living in filthy and crowded environments

Answer 5

- treatment for adults is not usually necessary. Usually mild in symptoms. - puppies may have severe diarrhea and need IV fluids. Sick puppies should be isolated - diarrhea looks like butterscotch pudding - boiling water/steam kills it

Answer 6

- dogs become infected from drinking contaminated water from streams or other sources - treat with flagyl

Answer 7

Whipworms Hookworms Roundworms

Answer 8

Transmission - ingesting the eggs present in contaminated matter. Soil, food, water, feces - eggs can live in soil for months- years. Symptoms Bloody diarrhea, bowel inflammation, anemia, weight loss Treatment - panacur - re- infection will occur

Answer 9

- most common in kennel dogs - can be contracted prenatally, during lactation (ingesting larvae) migration of larvae through skin or ingestion of parasitic host. Symptoms: Diarrhea, weakness, vomiting, dehydration, poor growth or anemia in puppies - Migrate through lungs or liver Treatment Pyrantel pamoate

Answer 10

Similar to tapeworms and roundworms, hookworms are intestinal parasites that live in the digestive system of your dog (or cat). The hookworm attaches to the lining of the intestinal wall and feeds on your dog’s blood. Its eggs are ejected into the digestive tract and pass into the environment through your dog’s feces. Larvae (young hookworms) that hatch from hookworm eggs live in the soil. These larvae can infect your dog simply through contact and penetration of the skin and through the dog eating the larvae when they ingest dirt or during their routine licking (cleaning).

Answer 11

- transmitted across placenta and through mother's milk. Also by ingesting the ova or a host carrying the ova - live in small intestines - juvenile can travel to the liver and lungs. Hepatic and pulmonary damage T. Canis = transmittable to humans Symptoms - diarrhea in puppies - weight loss, failure to thrive - poor hair/coat quality - intestinal obstruction and possible perforation Diagnosis - fecal float test

Answer 12

Airway Breathing Circulation

Answer 13

- most common cause of ear problems in puppies and young dogs. - highly contagious mites that live in the ear canal. - suspect mites if both ears are involved. - feeds by piercing the skin. - causes hypersensitive reaction that leads to intense itching, scratching, violent head shaking. ``` (Looks like a bat) Otoscope exam Microscopic exam of wax Skin scraping Scotch tape impression ``` Once diagnosed, all animals in the house should be treated to prevent reinfestation

Answer 14

Routine cleaning is generally not required Inside of ear flaps should be cleaned if there is excess debris, wax or dirt. Gently wipe ear with ear cleaning solution. Don't use alcohol or other irritants. Wet ears can cause ear infections. Place cotton balls in ears when bathing or swimming. Groom under ear flaps after the dogs has been running through tall weeds, grass or brush. Do not pluck the ear hair unless there is a medical reason to do so. This will cause the pores to release excess serum - excellent medium for bacteria.

Answer 15

Vomiting is common in all dogs but is not normal. - eating indigestible substances that irritate the stomach. Eg grass - overeating or drinking too much water too fast. Common in puppies - dogs may vomit when they are upset, excited, or anxious (suffering from a phobia)

Answer 16

- is it repeated? Sporadic or persistent? - persistent - dog vomits repeatedly, bringing up frothy, clear fluid, suggests stomach irritation. - how soon after eating? - is it projectile? - inspect vomitus for blood, fecal matter, foreign objects, worms. - vomiting blood - red blood means active bleeding between the mouth and upper small bowel. Get to vet - vomiting fecal matter - likely an intestinal obstruction. Vet emergency.

Answer 17

- dogs can dehydrate rapidly - puppies and older dogs are less able to tolerate dehydration and should be seen by a vet. - rest stomach (withhold food and water) for at least 12 hours. - if vomiting stops with rest give dog a few ice cubes every 3-4 hours. - if vomiting has stopped give dog 1/4 - 1/2 cup water every 2-3 hours. - can add small amounts of pedialyte to water. - after 12 hours with no vomiting start the dog on a bland diet. 2:1 boiled rice/ boiled hamburger (to remove fat) - increase volume over two days and slowly return dog to normal diet.

Answer 18

- Vomiting persists despite no food or water for several hours. - Vomiting reoccurs during re-introduction phase. - Vomiting is accompanied by diarrhea - Dog vomits blood or material that looks like coffee grounds - dog is weak, lethargic or shows signs of systemic illness.

Answer 19

Life threatening emergency - affects dogs in the prime of their life Mortality rate = 50% - Early recognition and treatment is the key to survival.

Answer 20

- Restlessness - pacing - salivation - retching - unproductive attempts to vomit - distended abdomen - early signs: stomach feels slightly tight when palpated. - dog may appear lethargic, uncomfortable, walks stiff legged, hangs his head, but may not appear overly anxious or distressed. Late symptoms - pale gums and tongue, delayed capillary refill time, rapid heart rate, weak pulse, rapid breathing, weakness and collapse

Answer 21

- size - male - body conformation - underweight - feeding once a day - fast eaters - nervous or fearful temperament

Answer 22

GET TO THE VET - relieve stomach gas - stomach tube - Trochar - treat for shock - surgical correction - post-op monitoring

First Aid Flashcards

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