Body Fluid > باقي Fluid > Flashcards

باقي Fluid Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Formula for manual cell calculation?

A

Cells = (Cells counted × Dilution) ÷ (Squares counted × 0.1)

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2
Q

Why analyze serous fluids?

A

Sepsis
• Malignancy
• Systemic diseases

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3
Q

Low glucose in pleural fluid indicates?

A

Tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, malignancy

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4
Q

Low pH indicates in pleural fluid ?

A

TB, malignancy, esophageal rupture

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5
Q

High amylase in pleural fluid indicates?

A

Pancreatitis

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6
Q

High CEA indicates?

A

Malignancy

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7
Q

Turbid pericardial fluid indicates?

A

Infection and malignancy

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8
Q

Bloody pericardial fluid indicates?

A

TB, tumor, cardiac puncture

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9
Q

Neutrophils ↑ indicate?

A

Bacterial endocarditis

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10
Q

PERITONEAL FLUID (ASCITES)

Q: Neutrophils ↑ indicate?

A

Peritonitis

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11
Q

High amylase indicates?

A

Pancreatitis or GI perforation

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12
Q

High alkaline phosphatase indicates?

A

Intestinal perforation

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13
Q

High urea/creatinine indicates?

A

Ruptured bladder

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14
Q

BENIGN vs MALIGNANT CELLS (إضافة)

Q: Nuclear molding seen in?

A

Malignant cells

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15
Q

Cells within cells indicates?

A

Malignancy (cannibalism)

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16
Q

How to report suspicious cells?

A

Atypical cells suspicious for malignancy → refer to cytology

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17
Q

What is serous fluid source ..???

A

Ultrafiltrate of plasma

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18
Q

Function of serous fluid

A

Fills organ cavities

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19
Q

Appearance of serous fluid ؟

A

Normal, clear, pale yellow

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20
Q

Source of pleural fluid

A

Thoracic cavity (around lungs)

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21
Q

Appearance of pleural fluid

A

Turbid → WBCs, bacteria
• Bloody → trauma, malignancy
• Milky → chylous fluid

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22
Q

Pleural fluid lab findings and meanings?
1-↑ RBCs
2-↑ Neutrophils
3- ↑ Lymphocytes
4- • ↓ Glucose
5-↓ pH
6- ↑ Amylase
7-↑ CEA

A

• ↑ RBCs: trauma, malignancy
• ↑ Neutrophils: bacterial infection
• ↑ Lymphocytes: TB, malignancy
• ↓ Glucose: TB, rheumatoid inflammation, malignancy
• ↓ pH: TB, malignancy, esophageal rupture
• ↑ Amylase: pancreatitis
• ↑ CEA: malignancy

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23
Q

Source pericardial fluid.¿

A

Source: Pericardial cavity (around heart)

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24
Q

If appearance of precardial fluid is turbid is indicate ¿

A

infection, malignancy

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25
If appearance of precardial fluid is bloody is indicate ¿
TB, tumor, cardiac puncture
26
If appearance of precardial fluid is Milky is indicate ¿
lymphatic drainage
27
Pericardial fluid lab findings? A: • ↑ RBCs
TB, tumor, cardiac puncture
28
Pericardial fluid lab findings? • ↑ Neutrophils
bacterial endocarditis
29
Pericardial fluid lab findings? ↓ Glucose
bacterial infection
30
Pericardial fluid lab findings? ↑ CEA
malignancy
31
Source peritoneal fluid.¿
Peritoneal cavity (abdomen)
32
If appearance of Peritoneal Fluid (Ascites) is turbid
peritonitis, cirrhosis
33
If appearance of Peritoneal Fluid (Ascites) is bloody
trauma
34
If appearance of Peritoneal Fluid (Ascites) is milky
chylous fluid
35
If appearance of Peritoneal Fluid (Ascites) is green
Bile
36
Peritoneal fluid lab findings? A: • ↑ RBCs
Trauma
37
Peritoneal fluid lab findings? A: • ↑ neutrophils
peritonitis
38
Peritoneal fluid lab findings? ↓ Glucose
TB peritonitis, malignancy
39
Peritoneal fluid lab findings? ↑ Amylase
pancreatitis, GI perforation
40
Peritoneal fluid lab findings? ↑ Alkaline phosphatase
intestinal perforation
41
Peritoneal fluid lab findings? ↑ Urea/Creatinine:
ruptured bladder
42
Source of sweat fluid
Sweat glands (skin)
43
Appearance of sweat fluid
Clear Color less
44
Test for sweat fluid .¿
Sodium chloride (sweat test)
45
Increase nacl in sweat indicate
Cystic fibrosis
46
Synovial fluid appearance and causes?
• Clear, pale yellow, viscous → normal • Bloody → hemorrhagic arthritis • Milky → crystals, cells • Green tinge → bacterial infection • Deep yellow → inflammation
47
Synovial fluid lab findings? ↑ RBCs ↑ Neutrophils ↑ Lymphocytes: Crystals (uric acid) Ropes clot test ↓ clot
↑ RBCs: hemorrhage • ↑ Neutrophils (>25%): septic arthritis • ↑ Lymphocytes: non-septic inflammation • Crystals (uric acid): gout • Ropes clot test ↓ clot: arthritis
48
Source Gastric fluid
HCl & pepsin (stomach)
49
Appearance Gastric fluid
Depends on diet
50
Titratable acidity of gastric fluid
↓ in pernicious anemia (no intrinsic factor) • ↑ in duodenal ulcer, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
51
: Normal vs abnormal amniotic fluid?
Clear & colorless → normal • Yellow-green → bilirubin • Red → fetal red cell destruction
52
Amniotic fluid lab findings? ↑ Bilirubin
hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN)
53
Amniotic fluid lab findings? L/S ratio > 2.0
fetal lung maturity
54
Amniotic fluid lab findings? ↑ Phosphatidylglycerol
fetal lung maturity
55
In amaniotic fluid creatinine indecate
fetal age
56
Q: Amniotic fluid lab findings? •↑ Alpha-fetoprotein
neural tube defects
57
عند عد خلايا على جهاز chamber إذا لقينا فرق عدد خلايا في سكوير الأول وثاني اكتر من ٢٠ فإذا يعتبر.
انه في مشكله والحل انه نعمل clean reload the hemacytometer
58
What is Steatorrhea????
Excretion of more than 7 g fecal fat/day → indicates malabsorption or maldigestion
59
To diagnosis Steatorrhea
Chemical & microscopic stool analysis
60
61
Microscopic analysis of Steatorrhea
1. Slide 1: pretreated with ethanol 2. Slide 2: pretreated with acetic acid
62
Bothe slide in microscopic detection for fat in Steatorrhea is stained with
Both stained with Sudan III / Sudan IV / Oil Red O
63
Criteria for pleural fluid exudate
Serum protein more the 0.5 Pleural fluid serum LD ratio more than 0.6
64
Malabsorption بيتميز بوجود
زياده في fecal fat
65
فحص qualitative for screening cystic fibrosis is
Chlorido metry
66
Stool has a pale or clay-colored appearanc is due to
Bile obstruction/
67
زياده كريات بيضاء في البراز غير طبيعي وتحديدا زياده في neutrophil تعني
There is inflammation like ulcerative colitis
Body Fluid
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