What are the three fluid qualifications?
- a substance that flows
- a liquid or a gas
- takes the shape of its container you pour it into
Why is sand not a fluid?
- Seem like fluids, but are actually made up of billions of tiny fragments; each being a solid.
- This explains why solids form a pile when they are poured.
Why liquids/gases are fluids:
- Liquids always flow to the lowest possible level, and will form a level surface when at rest.
- Gases do not flow to the lowest possible level, since they are not tightly packed, gases will occupy the space they can fill up (up, down, or sideways).
What are the six points of the particle theory?
- All matter is made up of very tiny particles.
- Each pure substance is made up of its own kind of particle different from the particles that make up other pure substances.
- Particles are attracted to one another.
- Particles are always moving.
- Particles at a higher temperature move faster than particles at a lower temperature.
- There are spaces between particles (Gases-most, Solids-least).
Define matter.
Matter- refers to all of the solids, liquids, and gases in our world. All matter has mass and volume. When matter is heated, it expands (volume-increases, mass-same).
Define mass.
Mass- is a measure of the amount of matter is in a substance.
Define volume.
Volume- is a measure of the amount of spaces substance occupies.
Explain the Density Rod Experiment.
- In warm water, the rod will sink, because it is denser than the water. As water becomes warmer, its density is lowered.
- In cold water, the rod will float, because it is less dense than the water. As water becomes cooler, its density is heightened.
Explain the Two Hole Water Bottle Experiment.
Pressure changes with depth by observing the flow of the water from the bottle. The water towards the bottom of the bottle has greater pressure on it and therefore it is released with greater force.
Do Gases Flow?
When the baking soda and vinegar were mixed together, the two chemicals chemically reacted with one another, fizzing up. When the two chemicals fizzed, it also created Carbon Dioxide. So when we pointed the folded paper towards the candle, the Carbon Dioxide blew the flame out.
Define Pressure.
Pressure- the amount of force exerted over a certain area. Formula: P=F/A
Both gases and liquids exert pressure, just like solids do. The more particles there are, the more force is exerted.
Define compression.
Compression- is a decrease in volume caused by a force.
Define buoyancy.
Buoyancy- refers to an object’s tendency to rise or sink in a fluid. Buoyant force is the upward force exerted by a fluid.
Explain the Archimedes Principle.
Archimedes Principle- the buoyant force acting on an object=the weight (force of gravity) of the fluid displaced.
*If the buoyant force is greater than the object’s weight the object rises and floats. If the buoyant force is lesser than the object’s weight, the object sinks.
