What is a meander?
A bend in a river.
Where does deposition occur?
Inner bank (slip-off slope).
Where does erosion occur in a meander?
Outer bank (undercut slope).
How does an oxbow lake form?
River cuts through meander neck during flooding.
What is a meander scar?
Dry remains of an oxbow lake.
What is an alluvial fan?
Fan-shaped deposit where river loses energy.
What is a floodplain?
Wide flat valley area formed by deposition.
Why are floodplains fertile?
Deposited alluvium (fertile silt).
What is a levee?
Raised river banks formed by flood deposition.
One benefit of levees?
Reduce flooding.
One disadvantage of levees?
Tributaries struggle to join main river.
What is a braided stream?
River split into many channels around sediment islands.
Where do deltas form?
At the river mouth.
What are distributaries?
Smaller channels flowing from a delta.
Conditions needed for a delta?
High sediment load
Weak ocean currents
Shallow sea
What is a graded river?
River in equilibrium with a smooth concave profile.
What is river grading?
Balance between gradient, volume, and shape.
Overgraded river?
Has excess energy → more erosion.
What is river rejuvenation?
When a river gains energy and erodes vertically again.
Undergraded river?
Low energy → deposition occurs.
Causes of rejuvenation?
Isostatic uplift
Sea level drop
River capture
Heavy rainfall
What happens to erosion after rejuvenation?
Vertical erosion increases.
Name landforms formed by rejuvenation.
River terraces
Knickpoint waterfalls
Entrenched meanders
Valleys within valleys
Evidence of rejuvenation?
Knickpoints
River terraces
Incised valleys
-
TERM 1 MODULE 1: Mid-latitude cyclones 144
-
TERM 1 MODULE 1: Mid-latitude cyclones 228
-
TERM 1 MODULE 2: Tropical cyclones43
-
ANTI CYCLONES 123
-
ANTI CYCLONES 223
-
Climate40
-
Urban Climates, Geomorphology and Drainage Basins38
-
Drainage Systems & Rivers24
-
Drainage Systems & Rivers 222
-
Fluvial Processes 130
-
Fluvial Processes 225
-
River Capture & River Management36
-
Mapwork28
-
Settlements36
-
Settlements 229
