Settlements

Question 1

What is a settlement?

Answer 1

A place where people live and carry out economic and social activities.

Question 2

How did settlements begin historically?

Answer 2

When humans shifted from hunter-gathering to farming and domestication.

Question 3

What are the four requirements of a settlement?

Answer 3

People living there
Infrastructure
Buildings
Social and economic activities

Question 4

What are physical factors in settlement location?

Answer 4

Natural resources like water, soil, land, and materials.

Question 5

What is a wet point site?

Answer 5

A location with access to fresh water.

Question 6

What is a dry point site?

Answer 6

Land safe from flooding.

Question 7

What type of land is ideal for settlements?

Answer 7

Flat, open land.

Question 7

Why is aspect important?

Answer 7

It determines sunlight exposure (north-facing in Southern Hemisphere).

Question 8

What do economic factors consider?

Answer 8

Availability of resources like minerals.

Question 9

Why do people move to new settlements?

Answer 9

Better lifestyle
Employment
Transport access
Services (schools, hospitals, shops)

Question 10

Why do governments create settlements?

Answer 10

To provide housing.

Question 11

Why is history important in settlement planning?

Answer 11

To avoid conflict and ensure safety.

Question 12

Why is transport important for settlements?

Answer 12

Enables trade and growth.

Question 13

What is a bridging point?

Answer 13

A place to cross a river.

Question 14

What is a nodal point?

Answer 14

Intersection of important routes.

Question 15

What is a bulk point?

Answer 15

A place where goods are loaded/unloaded.

Question 16

What is a gap site?

Answer 16

Settlement at the end of a narrow valley.

Question 17

What is a settlement’s situation?

Answer 17

Its relationship with the surrounding area.

Question 18

What factors influence situation?

Answer 18

Climate
Soil
Water sources
Geology
Vegetation
Nearby settlements

Question 19

List settlements from smallest to largest.

Answer 19

Farmstead → Hamlet → Village → Town → City → Metropolis → Conurbation → Megalopolis

Question 20

What are the four economic activity types?

Answer 20

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary

Question 21

What are consumer services?

Answer 21

Paid services (e.g. gardening).

Question 22

What type of function do rural settlements have?

Answer 22

Unifunctional.

Question 22

What activities dominate rural settlements?

Answer 22

Primary activities (farming, mining, fishing).

Question 23

Why are rural areas sparsely populated?

Answer 23

Activities require large land areas.

Question 24

What type of function do urban settlements have?

Answer 24

Multifunctional.

Question 25

What activities dominate urban settlements?

Answer 25

Secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Question 26

What are primary activities?

Answer 26

Use natural resources (farming, mining).

Question 27

What are secondary activities?

Answer 27

Manufacturing and construction.

Question 28

What are tertiary activities?

Answer 28

Services (transport, healthcare, education).

Question 29

What are quaternary activities?

Answer 29

Knowledge-based work (IT, research, finance).

Question 30

How is land used in urban settlements?

Answer 30

Mixed use (residential, commercial, industrial).

Question 31

What does settlement size include?

Answer 31

Area Population Population density

Question 32

What is population density?

Answer 32

Number of people per area.

Question 33

What is a unifunctional settlement?

Answer 33

One main activity (rural).

Question 34

What is a multifunctional settlement?

Answer 34

Many activities (urban).