Functional Groups

Question 1

hydroxyl group

Answer 1

Name: alcohol
R-OH
Makes more soluble jn water

Question 2

carbonyl group (first)

Answer 2

Name: ketone
R
   > CO
R
Increases solubility in water
Site of biochemical reactions

Question 3

carbonyl group (second)

Answer 3

Name: aldehyde
R - COH
Increases solubility in water

Question 4

carboxyl group

Answer 4

Name: carboxylic acids
R - COOH
Increases solubility in water
Acts as an acid
Important part of amino acids

Question 5

amino group

Answer 5

Name: amines
R - NH2
Increases solubility in water
Acts as a base

Question 6

sulfyhydryl group

Answer 6

Name: thiol
R-SH
Like hydroxyl group, but with sulfur instead of oxygen
Forms disulfide bridges, stabilizes large protein molecules

Question 7

phosphate group

Answer 7

Name: organic phosphates

R3-PO4

Question 8

methyl group

Answer 8

H
    l
R-C-H
    l
   H
aka
-CH3