What are the two types of voice disorders?
Functional and Organic
Define functional voice disorder
inefficient use of the vocal mechanism despite having normal anatomy
define organic voice disorder
neurogenic
structural
functional voice disorder can be diagnosed by a xx and organic can be diagnosed by a xx only
SLP; doctor
what are the three types of functional/behavior problems?
voice overuse
misuse
abuse
from misuse to abuse is simply a xx of behavior with abusive behavior being harsher than those of misuse
continuum
the ultimate goal is a xx xx not necessarily a perfect larynx
functional voice
define misuse
voice production behaviors that distort the normal propensity of the phonatory mechanism to work effectively and efficiently
what are some examples of misuse?
persistent use of glottal fry
lack of pitch variability
excessive talking
Ventricular phonation
define hypofunctional
weak, helpful voice muscles not strong enough
“people can’t hear me”
define hyperfunctional
strained, unhelpful muscles trying to contribute to voice
often related to overuse/abuse/misuse
“my voice gets tired at the end of the day”
define muscle tension dysphonia
when the wrong muscles are trying to help out the voice
often involves compressing the false vocal folds
what are false vocal fold patterns?
Ventricular fold compression disrupts TVF vibration and can lead to the development of lesions
define puberphonia
excessively high pitch, stiff folds, high larynx
a short vocal tract xx the formants and a longer vocal tract xx the formants
raises; lowers
xx xx is also a significant component of pitch control
laryngeal height
the larynx xx with pitch
rises
an xx xx laryngeal position is also strongly associated with MTD
excessively high
define functional aphonia
when someone with a normal larynx loses their voice completely
often proceeded by upper respiratory infection
functional voice disorders may indicate xx that co-occurs with xx
hyperfunction; phonotraumatic lesions
what is a thick adduction pattern?
full closure along AP and vertical dimensions
what is a thick adduction pattern?
closure along the AP dimension but not necessarily the vertical dimension
what is a stiff adduction pattern?
lack of full closure; some TFV contact anteriorly
what is a slack adduction (aka fry)
similar closure as thick but with reduced airflow
