The Lumpy Bumpy Extravaganza

Question 1

define nodules

Answer 1

White, tiny bumps, usually bilateral, made up of edematous
tissue and/or collagenous fibers

Question 2

what happens when you have nodules?

Answer 2

“hourglass closure”

your voice could sound rough and breathy

Question 3

how do you treat nodules?

Answer 3

voice therapy/vocal hygiene

Question 4

what is a pedunculated polyp?

Answer 4

attached via thin stalk of tissue

Question 5

what is a sessile polyp?

Answer 5

well-attached to portion of mucosa

Question 6

what is a hemorrhagic polyp?

Answer 6

looks like a blood blister

Question 7

what is a polypoid?

Answer 7

degeneration/Reinke’s edema: Inc VF mass leading to decreased pitch, stiffness

Question 8

what is the voice quality of someone with a polyp?

Answer 8

possible roughness and breathiness

Question 9

what are the treatments for a polyp?

Answer 9

must change the habits that caused them

surgery

less likely to resolve from therapy alone

Question 10

what is a cyst?

Answer 10

Small sphere, growth on margin of the vocal fold within the lamina propria

Question 11

what causes a polyp?

Answer 11

phonotrauma

smoking (Reinke’s edema)

Question 12

what is a cyst caused by?

Answer 12

a blockage of a glandular duct with retention of mucus

Question 13

what are common causes of a cyst?

Answer 13

vocal abuse (phonotrauma)
vocal overuse

Question 14

what is treatment for a cyst?

Answer 14

almost always surgery

voice therapy may be helpful to treat their voice

Question 15

what can cause a hemorrhage?

Answer 15

blood thinners
certain supplements

vocal overuse or misuse especially at the time of illness

may follow a phono trauma such as a polyp

Question 16

how do you treat a hemorrhage?

Answer 16

vocal rest
avoid steroids

voice therapy only after bleeding stops

hydration/hygiene

Question 17

what are the different types of laryngitis?

Answer 17

phono trauma

reflux

infectious

Question 18

what is infectious laryngitis caused by?

Answer 18

viral
bacteria
fungal

Question 19

what is fungal laryngitis caused by?

Answer 19

multiple rounds of antibiotics
inhalers

Question 20

when you have laryngitis the larynx is…

Answer 20

inflamed

white dot-like spots (fungal)

Question 21

someone who has laryngitis typically complains of sounding “hoarse”. What does this mean?

Answer 21

potential combination of sounding rough, weak, and strained

Question 22

how do you treat laryngitis?

Answer 22

antibiotics/antifungal medication
reflux
vocal hygiene

Question 23

vocal fold scar is caused by..

Answer 23

surgery
burns
phono trauma

Question 24

what happens with a vocal fold scar?

Answer 24

incomplete glottis closure during phonation

Question 25

so with a vocal fold scar someone may sound...

Answer 25

breathy and have a rough vocal quality

Question 26

a vocal fold scar is....

Answer 26

dense collagenous tissue

Question 27

how can a vocal fold scar be treated

Answer 27

can be treated with surgery or voice therapy

Question 28

what is sulcus vocalis

Answer 28

Groove/ depression on the edge of the upper or medial vocal fold

Question 29

what is sulcus vocalis caused by

Answer 29

chronic infection, intubation, or trauma to the larynx

Question 30

someone who has a sulcus vocalis may sound...

Answer 30

breathy rough asthenia and strain

Question 31

how can sulcus vocalis be treated

Answer 31

surgery or injections therapy

Question 32

Granuloma is also known as..

Answer 32

contact ulcer

Question 33

contact ulcers are caused by..

Answer 33

intubation/irritation trauma reflux heavy vocal use/misuse

Question 34

someone with a contact ulcer(s) may sound like....

Answer 34

behavioral strain increased loudness

Question 35

true or false: someone with contact ulcers' voice is usually pretty good, but is more likely to complain of pain

Answer 35

true

Question 36

leukoplakia is typically caused by..

Answer 36

smoking

Question 37

what does leukoplakia look like?

Answer 37

white patches on the laryngeal mucosa

Question 38

leukioplakia requires...

Answer 38

medical treatment (i.e., biopsy and monitoring)

Question 39

leukoplakia is typically associated with..

Answer 39

precancerous conditions (dysplagia)

Question 40

someone with laryngeal cancer may sound...

Answer 40

rough and breathy

Question 41

laryngeal cancer is usually ________ but can grow and invade the entire larynx

Answer 41

unilateral

Question 42

how do you treat laryngeal cancer?

Answer 42

surgery chemotherapy and radiation