Biology > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

Heriditary

A

The study of traits passed down on from one generation to the next

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2
Q

Gamete

A

A sex cell that must join with another sex cell to form a zygote

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3
Q

Fertilisation

A

The joining of two sex cells to form a zygote

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4
Q

Gene

A

A section of a chromosome that controls a particular trait

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5
Q

Alleles

A

Different forms of the same gene

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6
Q

Locus

A

Location of the gene on a chromosome

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7
Q

Homozygous

A

Both alleles are the same

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8
Q

True breeding

A

Homozygous

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9
Q

Heterozygous

A

Alleles are different

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10
Q

Homologous

A

Pair of matching chromosomes

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11
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup of the Individual

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12
Q

Phenotype

A

How a trait is expressed

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13
Q

Punnet square

A

Used to show the genotype produced by the crossing of gametes

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14
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

When each allele is expressed when in heterozygous condition

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15
Q

Mendel’s law of segregation

A

Inherited traits are controlled by two alleles
These alleles seperate at gamete formation

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16
Q

Mendel’s law of independent assortment

A

Either pair of alleles is equally likely to combine with either of another pair alleles at gamete formation

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17
Q

Genetic Engineering

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A

The artificial manipulation or alteration of genes

18
Q

Process Of Genetic Engineering

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A
  1. Isolation - The target gene is isolated from DNA , Plamsid is isolated from bacteria
19
Q

non coding dna

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A

does not contain genetic coding for a protein

20
Q

coding dna

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A

contains genetic coding for a protein

21
Q

Genetic code

23
Q

Variation

24
Q

Inherited Variation

25
Acquired Variations
26
Causes Of Genetic Variation
27
Gene Mutation
28
Chromosome Mutation
29
Evolution
30
Source of evidence for evolution
31
Genetic Engineering
32
Target Gene
Specific gene taking from one organism
33
Cloning vector
Isolated gene planted within another organism of a different species
34
Recombinant DNA
35
Substances used in genetic engineering
36
Process Of Genetic Engineering
37
Applications of genetic engineering in plants
38
Applications of genetic engineering in micro organisms
39
Concerns of genetic engineering
40
Beneifts of genetic engineering
Biology
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