Blending theory of inheritance
Mixing of genetic material from the male and female
Offspring inherits any characteristics as the average of the parents values of that characteristic
Inheritance of acquired characters
Organism acquires some traits during its life time and they are passed on to the offspring
Why did Mendel Cho’s the pea for his experiments
- Could be easily cultivated
- many varieties and distinguishable traits
-diploid, containing 7 chromosomes - self pollinated
- can be cross pollinated
How does cross pollination work
Sepal
They enclose and shield the developing flower bud before it opens.
Stamen
Male reproductive organ
Pistil
Female reproductive organ
Phenotype
The physical appearance of an organism, expressed trait
Genotype
Genetic make up of an organism
Refer to alleles or variants of a gene
Cross (hybridization)
The cross-fertilization of two different varieties/species
Hybrid
The offspring of parents of two different varieties/species
FI generation
The first generation results from a cross
F2 generation
Next generation of plants from self fertilization of he FI offspring
Results at Mendel crossing a plant with purple flowers and one with white flowers
No blending of traits and all plants had purple flower
Resultsof Mendel crossly two F1 generation
Produced both purple and white flowers
3:1
What did Mendel did out after dad his experiment all with 7 traits
F1 generation only showed 1 of 2 traits
F2 generation stored both trails at 0.75 and 0.25
Mendel’s 4 proposal from his experiments
- For each tray there is a pair of heritable factors in each parent
-during formation of gametes the 2 factors for a trait separate, and only one is passed an to the gamete
-when gametes fuse each pant contribute one of Th factors, offspring has a pair of factors
-cross between individual with different traits of a pair, factor for both trails are present but one is masked by its partner
Alleles
Alternative forms of a gene
Hemizygons
Condition in which on bone copy of a gene or DNA sequence is present in diploid cells
Punnett square
Explains Mendel hypothese at the genotype level
Tool to predict the probalitity of possible genotypes
Testcross
Breads mystery individual with a homozyyas recessive individual
Mendel first law
Th law of segregation
When any individual produces gametes, the alleles of a gene pair separate, so that each gamete receives only one member of the pair of alleles
Di hybrid or two trait cross
Cross in which the parents lifter with respects to the alleles of two loci of interest
Mendel’s second law
The law at independent assortment
Alleles of two or more different genes yet sorted into gametes independently at one another
