Nurs 321 > genitourinary system > Flashcards

genitourinary system Flashcards

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1
Q

penis

A

used for urination and reproduction, has shaft and glans

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2
Q

external male genitalia

A

scrotum and scrotal sac,

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3
Q

scrotal sac

A

temperature regulation too hot or too cold bad for sperm

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4
Q

internal genitalia

A

testes, spermatic cord, epididymis, vas deferens

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5
Q

testes do

A

hormone productin

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6
Q

inguinal hernia

A

located between anterior superior iliac spine laterally, and symphysis pubis medially, frequent hernia development

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7
Q

anus and rectum

A

anal canal and opening

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8
Q

prostate

A

big male issue

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9
Q

prostate cancer risk factors

A

rare in men under 40, rises rapidly after 50. very common in African American or carribean males of African origin, most common in North America northwestern Europe Australia and Caribbean islands
family history - bother or father w prostate cancer

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10
Q

prostate cancer risk factors

A

certain gene changes, exposure to agent orange, work on far, in tire plant with paint with cadmium or toxic chemicals, diet with those who eat a lot of red meat or few veggies, low melatonin levels, night shift

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11
Q

symptoms of prostate cancer

A

trouble urinating, decreased urine force, blood in semen, leg swelling, bone pain, erectile dysfunction

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12
Q

how tp educate on prostate cancer

A

do not overeat, low fat rich veggies high fiber and omega 3, soy products and other legumes could b good, drink green tea daily, no more than 2 alcohol daily, moderate exercise daily, dark room not bright light

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13
Q

testicular cancer

A

more fornyounger crowd, high mortality rate especially if not detected early, recommends testicular exam as part of routine cancer check ups.

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14
Q

male clients and tesitcuar cancer

A

should be aware of the need for monthly self exams, for earl diagnosis and treatment

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15
Q

old way to check prostate

A

finger in booty now we do blood test

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16
Q

nurse should he mindful of

A

sensitivities of client, as well as own feelings regarding body image fear of cancer and sexuality

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17
Q

health assessment

A

subjective data - COLDSPA interview approach for assessment, history of curren health problem, past and family history, lifestyle and health practices

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18
Q

collecting objective data

A

physical examination of Client, prepare client, get stool gown disposable gloves, light, stethoscope validation and document findings

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19
Q

penis physical assessment

A

inspection and palpation of base of poenis and pubic hair, shaft foreskin and glans and see for discharge

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20
Q

scrotum physical assessment

A

inspect size shape and position as well as scrotal skin, palpate scrotal contents

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21
Q

scrotum auscultation and illumination

A

you can listen to a scroitum. if. u hear bowel sounds that would be really bad. also can illuminate to tell u if a lump is mass or fluid

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22
Q

inguinal area inspection

A

for inguinal and femoral hernia

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23
Q

we assess for abnormalities in males :

A

penis scrotum anus rectum prostate

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24
Q

older client findings

A

lump swell mass sexual dysfunction. large scrotal sac one side lower than other, can be wrinkly or droopy

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25
female internal genitalia
female reproductive organs, like cervical cancer HPV
26
female external genitalia
structures u can inspect
27
cervical cancer risk factors
HPV smoking immunosuppression chlamydia diet low in fruits n veg overnight IUD
28
cervical cancer risk factors
many full term pregnancies, younger than 17 at first full term pregnancy, poverty, having a mom who took diethylstilbestrol while pregnant (DEB), family history of cervical cancer
29
risk reduction cervical cancer
risky sex practices, do not have sex at early age, not many partners, avoid high risk acitivits nd partners who do not participate in these. consult healthcare person on HPV vaccine for boys and girls as early as 9 up to 26 but want age 10-11
30
risk reduction for cervical cancer
mother took DES to prevent miscarriages be careful and preventative screening schedule must occur nutiurutius food and routine for caring for illnesses that weaken immune system, talk to partner about sex health expectations before intimacy
31
incidence of cervical cancer
lowest rate in eastern mediterrnan countries, Hugh rate in African region where income levels low
32
teaching cervical cancer risk reduction
establish trusting relationships with client during exam, teach self exam, explain self exam helps detect abnormalities early
33
current health issue history
menses cycle, age of menses, menopause, vaginal discharge, pain of itching in groin, lump swell mass, hard to urinate and odor or color, hard to control urine, sex performance and activity pattern, fertility problem
34
past and fam history female
previous gyno problems and results of treatment, last pelvic exam, last Pap smear, STD?, pregnancies, cancer in genitals
35
lifestyle and health practices
smoking sex partners contraceptives, genital issues, sex preference, comfort level in communication regarding sexuality, fears and stress w sex
36
lifestyle and health practices
fertility concerns, menopause concerns, genital self exam, HIV, estrogen replacement, TSS, STD
37
external genitalia female
inspect mons pubis, labia majora and mantra, perineum, clitoris, urethral meatus, vaginal opening palpate bartholin glands and urethra
38
internal genitalia female
inspect vaginal opening, musculature, cervix, vagina
39
bimanual exam
palpate cervix, uterus, ovaries, rectovaginal exam
40
findings
external genitalia and vaginal opening, cervix, vaginitis, uterine enlargement, adnexal masses
41
older client findings
vagianl infection because of atrophy of vaginal mucosa, gray thinning pubic hair, cervix appears pale after menopause, urinary incontinence from muscle weakness ro loss of urethral elascitiy
42
urinary system
kidneys ureters bladder urethra
43
kidney and ureter function
maintain composition and volume of body fluids, filter and excrete blood constituents not needed, retain what is needed, excrete wastes (urien)
44
nephrons
maintain ans regulate fluid balance thru mechanisms of selective reabsorption and secretion of water, electrolytes, other stuff
45
urine from nephron empty into
kidney
46
bladder
smooth sac muslce innvervated by ANS, temporary urine reservoir, 3 layers of muscle called detractor, inner muddle and outer.
47
detrusor muscle
3 layers of muscle tissue bladder inner longitudina, middle circular, outer longitudinal
48
sphincter
guards opening between urinary bladder and urethra
49
urethra
conveys urine from bladder to exterior
50
urethra male v female
male urethra is excretory and reprodtucive no female portion of urethra is external
51
urination, or micturition/voiding
process of emptying bladder, detrusor muscle contracts and internal sphincter relaxes, urineenters urethra. perineum and external sphincter relax, abdominal wall contracts a bit, diaphragm lowers and peeeeee
52
factors affecting micturition
developmental considerations, food and fluid intake, psychological variables, acitivry and muscle toe, pathologic conditions, medications
53
children voiding
children, toilet train 2-3 years old enuresis
54
enuresis
toilet train
55
effects of aging
nocturia, increased frequency, urine retention and Stasis, voluntary control affects by issues
56
urinary stasis
cannot fully void bladder
57
diseases associated with renal problems
congenital urinary tract abnormalities, polycystic kidney disease, UTI, urinary calculi, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, GOUT, connective tissue disorders
58
diuretics
prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes in tubules
59
cholinergic medications
stimulate contraction of detrusor muslce, producing urination
60
analgesics and tranquilizers
suppress CNS diminish effectiveness of neural reflex
61
anticoagulants
red, urine, but clumps are concerning and stark red
62
diuretics
pale yellow urine
63
pyridium
orange to orange red urine
64
antidepressant amitriptyline or B complex vitamins
green or blue green urine
65
levodopa
brown or black urine
66
physical assessment of urinsry functioning
kidneys , urinary bladder, urethral orfiice and skin and urine assessments
67
kidney assessment
palpate kidneys by advanced healthcare person and more detailed assessment
68
uerinary bladder assessment
palpate and percussion bladder or use bedside scanner
69
urethral orifice
inspect for signs of infection discharge or odor
70
skin
assess for color texture turgor and waste excretion
71
urine
assess for color odor clarity and sediment
72
measuring urine output
ask pt to void in bedpan, urinla, specimen container and use gloves. ypour urine into devicem calibrated container of flat surface at eye level, note how much and record it, discard urine in toilet unless need it
73
should pee how much / hr
30 mL at least
74
urine specimens
routine urinalysis, clean catch or midstream, sterile specimen from indwelling catheter, urine specimen from urinary diversion, 24 HR specimen, infants n children
75
promote normal urination
normal void habits, promote flui intake, stregnthen muslce tone, assist w toileting
76
pt risk for UTI
sexually active women, diaphragm using women, postmenopausal, indwelling catheter, diabetes mellitus, older adults
77
reasons for catheter
relieve retention, prolonged immobile, obtaining sterile urin when pt cannot void voluntarily, accurate measure for th critically ill, helps heal open wounds, empty bladder before during after surgical procedure comfort for end of life
78
transient incontinente
appears suddenly and lasts 6 months or less
79
mixed incontinince
urine loss with features of two or more types of inconctinence
80
overflow incontince
over distention and overflow of bladder
81
functional incontiencne
caused by factors outside urinary tract - like immobility
82
reflex incontinience
emptying of bladder without sensation of need to void
83
total incontinencee
continuous unpredictable loss of urine
84
stress incontinence
involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in intraabdominal pressure
85
female complications for old ppl
weak pelvic floor, cervix is PALE and they are DRY
86
male complication old ppl
prostate cancer can test via bloodwork, painful piss, blood stream change
87
bone pain
cancer
88
testicular cancer checks
monthly normal to have different tests should not Geel nodules
89
UTIs
women more prone burning and increased pee use, mental status change and discharge
90
hernia is
out pouched organ or tissue
91
color urine for very sick person
cloudy or darker very concentrated. output would be in fever/vomit
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