geo

Question 1

1. Q: What is weather?

Answer 1

A: Day-to-day atmospheric conditions (temperature, wind, rain, clouds, sunshine).

Question 2

2. Q: What is climate?

Answer 2

A: Average weather over 30+ years.

Question 3

Name three factors affecting climate.

Answer 3

Latitude, prevailing winds, relief/altitude.

Question 4

4. Q: How does latitude affect temperature?

Answer 4

Equator = sun overhead → hotter; poles = sun at angle → cooler.

Question 5

5. Q: What is a prevailing wind?

Answer 5

The main direction from which wind usually blows.

Question 6

6. Q: What direction is Britain’s prevailing wind?

Answer 6

Southwest (SW) → warm, moist air.

Question 7

7. Q: Why are summers cool in Britain?

Answer 7

High latitude + sea cooling effect + SW winds.

Question 8

8. Q: Why are winters mild in Britain?

Answer 8

A: Warm sea + SW winds bring moist air.

Question 9

Name the three types of rainfall in Britain.

Answer 9

Frontal, relief, convectional.

Question 10

Q: What is relief rainfall?

Answer 10

Air rises over mountains → cools → rain.

Question 11

What is convectional rainfall?

Answer 11

Ground heats air → rises → cools → thunderstorms.

Question 12

What is frontal rainfall?

Answer 12

Warm air rises over cold air → cools → rain.

Question 13

Q: What is an ecosystem?

Answer 13

Community of living and non-living things interacting.

Question 14

14. Q: What is a biome?

Answer 14

A large ecosystem (e.g., rainforest, desert, tundra).

Question 15

15. Q: Name three major world biomes.

Answer 15

Rainforest, desert, grassland (others: tundra, coniferous forest, deciduous forest).

Question 16

16. Q: Name two human activities damaging ecosystems.

Answer 16

Deforestation, overgrazing, pollution, global warming.

Question 17

What is the equatorial climate like?

Answer 17

Hot, wet, humid; no seasons; heavy rain.

Question 18

Where is equatorial climate found?

Answer 18

Around the Equator: Amazon Basin, Congo Basin.

Question 19

Name two adaptations of rainforest trees.

Answer 19

Tall trunks for sunlight, drip-tip leaves; also buttress roots, lianas, evergreen.

Question 20

Name one benefit of tropical rainforests to humans.

Answer 20

Medicines (e.g., quinine), oxygen, timber, wildlife habitat.

Question 21

What are the two main seasons in Mediterranean climate?

Answer 21

Hot, dry summer; warm, wet winter.

Question 22

Why are Mediterranean summers hot and dry?

Answer 22

A: Sun high + winds from hot, dry land → little rain.

Question 23

26. Q: Which biome is found in Kenya?

Answer 23

Grassland (Savanna).

Question 24

27. Q: Which cold biome has snowy winters and evergreen trees?

Answer 24

Coniferous forest (Taiga).

Question 25

Which very cold biome is mostly treeless

Answer 25

Tundra.

Question 26

25. Q: What climate does Kenya have?

Answer 26

Warm all year with wet and dry seasons.

Question 27

Name three weather instruments and what they measure.

Answer 27

Thermometer → temperature, Barometer → air pressure, Wind vane → wind direction.

Question 28

Which cold biome has snowy winters and evergreen trees?

Answer 28

Coniferous forest (Taiga).

Question 29

How does relief/altitude affect climate?

Answer 29

Higher altitude = cooler + more rain.

Question 30

Give two effects of human activity/global

Answer 30

Desert spread, habitat loss, species extinction.