1
Q
What is the drug class of aluminum hydroxide (Maalox)?
A
Antacid
2
Q
aluminum hydroxide (Maalox) is a combination of …
A
Aluminum and magnesium
3
Q
Describe the MOA of aluminum hydroxide (Maalox)
A
Neutralizes gastric acid - increases pH
4
Q
What are the indications of aluminum hydroxide (Maalox)? (2)
A
- Gastritis
- Heartburn
5
Q
Describe the education associated with aluminum hydroxide (Maalox)
A
Drink no more than 2 - 4 oz of water after
6
Q
How long is aluminum hydroxide (Maalox) effective if taken on an empty stomach?
A
30 - 60 minutes
7
Q
What is the drug class of famotidine (Pepcid)?
A
H2 antagonist (antihistamine)
8
Q
Describe the MOA of famotidine (Pepcid)
A
Decreases acid production
9
Q
What are the indications of famotidine (Pepcid)? (2)
A
- PUD
- GERD
10
Q
What are the routes of famotidine (Pepcid)? (2)
A
- PO
- IV
11
Q
What is the drug class of pantoprazole (Protonix)?
A
Proton pump inhibitor
12
Q
Describe the MOA of pantoprazole (Protonix)
A
Decreases acid production
13
Q
What are the indications of pantoprazole (Protonix)? (4)
A
- GERD
- Gastric ulcers
- Duodenal ulcers
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
14
Q
What are the side effects of pantoprazole (Protonix)? (2)
A
- Osteoporosis (decreased calcium absorption)
- Pneumonia
15
Q
Long-term use of pantoprazole (Protonix) may cause ______
A
C. diff
16
Q
What is the primary interaction associated with pantoprazole (Protonix)?
A
clopidogrel (Plavix)
17
Q
pantoprazole (Protonix) and clopidogrel (Plavix) must be administered ______
A
12 hours apart
18
Q
Describe the monitoring associated with pantoprazole (Protonix) (2)
A
- Vitamin B12
- Magnesium
19
Q
Describe the education associated with pantoprazole (Protonix)
A
DO NOT crush
20
Q
What is the drug class of sucralfate (Carafate)?
A
Mucosal protectant
21
Q
Describe the MOA of sucralfate (Carafate)
A
Healing of existing ulcers - not for prevention
22
Q
What are the indications of sucralfate (Carafate)? (2)
A
- Stress ulcers
- Esophageal erosions
23
Q
What is the primary side effect of sucralfate (Carafate)?
A
Constipation
24
Q
Why are there few side effects associated with sucralfate (Carafate)?
A
It is not systemically absorbed
25
Describe the education associated with sucralfate (Carafate) (2)
- Take 1 hour before meals
- Take at bedtime
26
What is the drug class of misoprostol (Cytotec)?
Prostaglandin E analog
27
Describe the MOA of misoprostol (Cytotec)
Replaces prostaglandins lost by NSAIDs
28
What is the primary indication of misoprostol (Cytotec)?
Prevention of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers
29
What is the primary contraindication of misoprostol (Cytotec)?
Pregnancy
30
What is the primary side effect of misoprostol (Cytotec)?
Dysmenorrhea / spotting
31
Describe education associated with misoprostol (Cytotec) (3)
- Take with meals
- Take at bedtime
- Use birth control measures
32
What is the therapeutic range of misoprostol (Cytotec)?
100 - 200 mcg
33
What are the types of antiemetics? (4)
- ondansetron (Zofran)
- meclizine (Antivert)
- metoclopramide (Reglan)
- promethazine (Phenergan)
34
What is the drug class of ondansetron (Zofran)?
Antiemetic (first choice)
35
What is the primary indication of ondansetron (Zofran)?
Nausea / vomiting
36
What is the primary contraindication of ondansetron (Zofran)?
QT prolongation
37
What are the side effects of ondansetron (Zofran)? (3)
- Headache
- Constipation
- QT prolongation
38
Describe the nursing considerations associated with ondansetron (Zofran) (2)
- Safe for pregnancy
- Caution with QT prolonging drugs
39
What is the drug class of meclizine (Antivert)?
Antiemetic
40
What are the indications of meclizine (Antivert)? (3)
- Nausea / vomiting
- Motion sickness
- Vertigo
41
meclizine (Antivert) causes ______ side effects
Anticholinergic
42
What is the route of meclizine (Antivert)?
PO
43
What is the drug class of metoclopramide (Reglan)?
Antiemetic
44
What are the indications of metoclopramide (Reglan)? (3)
- Nausea / vomiting
- Delayed gastric emptying
- Gastroparesis - diabetes
45
What are the adverse effects of metoclopramide (Reglan)? (2)
- Hypotension
- Tardive dyskinesia
46
Avoid ______ use with metoclopramide (Reglan)
Alcohol / CNS depressants
47
What is the drug class of promethazine (Phenergan)?
Antiemetic
48
What are the indications of promethazine (Phenergan)? (2)
- Nausea / vomiting
- Intractable hiccups
49
promethazine (Phenergan) causes ______ side effects
Anticholinergic
50
promethazine (Phenergan) requires extreme caution when administering via ______ route
IV
51
Describe the steps required for safe IV administration of promethazine (Phenergan) (3)
- Dilute with 10 mL of fluid
- Use port farthest away from patient
- Use large bore IV (16 - 18 gauge)
52
Discontinue IV administration of promethazine (Phenergan) if ...
The patient reports burning / pain
53
Describe the black box warnings associated with promethazine (Phenergan) (2)
- Respiratory depression
- Severe tissue damage / gangrene
54
What are the types of anti-constipation drugs? (4)
- psyllium (Metamucil)
- docusate sodium (Colace)
- docusate sodium / Senna (Peri-Colace / Senokot-S)
- bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
55
What is the drug class of psyllium (Metamucil)?
Fiber supplement
56
Describe the MOA of psyllium (Metamucil)
Increases bulk
57
Describe the excretion of psyllium (Metamucil)
Excreted in the stool (non-digestible)
58
What are the indications of psyllium (Metamucil)? (2)
- Constipation
- Diverticulosis
59
Describe the education associated with psyllium (Metamucil) (2)
- Take 1-3 times per day
- Take with a full glass of water
60
What is the onset of action of psyllium (Metamucil)?
12 - 24 hours
61
What is the drug class of docusate sodium (Colace)?
Stool softener
62
What is the primary indication of docusate sodium (Colace)?
Constipation
63
Describe the MOA of docusate sodium (Colace)
Softens stool
64
Describe the education associated with docusate sodium (Colace)
Take with a full glass of water
65
docusate sodium (Colace) requires caution in patients with what condition?
CHF
66
What is the drug class of docusate sodium / Senna (Peri-Colace / Senokot-S)?
Stool softener / stimulant laxative
67
Describe the MOA of docusate sodium / Senna (Peri-Colace / Senokot-S) (2)
- Softens stool
- Stimulates peristalsis
68
What are the indications of docusate sodium / Senna (Peri-Colace / Senokot-S)? (2)
- Constipation
- Bowel preparation prior to endoscopic examination
69
What is the drug class of bisacodyl (Dulcolax)?
Stimulant laxative
70
Describe the MOA of bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Stimulates peristalsis
71
What are the indications of bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? (2)
- Constipation
- Bowel preparation prior to endoscopic examination
72
What are the side effects of bisacodyl (Dulcolax)? (2)
- Burning sensation
- Dehydration
73
What foods are recommended for the management of diarrhea? (4)
- Bananas
- Rice
- Applesauce
- Toast
74
What are the types of antidiarrheals? (2)
- diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)
- loperamide (Imodium)
75
Describe the MOA of antidiarrheals
Inhibit peristalsis
76
What is the drug class of diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)?
Antidiarrheal / opioid (needs prescription)
77
What is the primary concern associated with diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)?
Abuse / dependence - opioid
78
What is the primary indication of diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)?
Diarrhea
79
What are the side effects of diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)? (2)
- Nausea
- Abdominal pain
80
What is the primary adverse effect of diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)?
Respiratory depression
81
diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil) causes ______ side effects
Anticholinergic
82
What is the max dosage of diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil)?
8 tablets / day
83
What is the drug class of loperamide (Imodium)?
Antidiarrheal (available OTC)
84
What is the primary indication of loperamide (Imodium)?
Diarrhea
85
What is the max dosage of loperamide (Imodium)?
16 mg / day
86
What are the indications of sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)? (2)
- IBS
- Ulcerative colitis
87
What allergies are contraindications of sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)? (3)
- Sulfa
- Salicylates
- Thiazide diuretics
88
What are the interactions associated with sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)? (2)
- Iron
- Antibiotics
89
What is the max dosage of sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)?
6 grams / day
90
Describe the education associated with sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
Take 1 hour before meals / 2 hours after meals
91
What are the indications of azathioprine (Imuran)? (3)
- IBS
- Ulcerative colitis
- Crohn's disease
92
Describe the black box warning associated with azathioprine (Imuran)
Chronic immunosuppression
93
Describe the monitoring associated with azathioprine (Imuran) (2)
- CBCs
- Liver / renal function
94
What is the max dosage of azathioprine (Imuran)?
100 - 250 mg / day
NURS 305 - Exam 5
flashcards
Decks in class (4)
# Cards
