Glaucoma

Question 1

Carbachol

Pilocarpine

Answer 1

1. Direct Cholinomimetic (M3)
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. Activation of M receptors –> Contraction of ciliary muscle –> Increase flow through the canal of Schlemm

Question 2

Echothiophate

Answer 2

1. Irreversible Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. increase the outflow

Question 3

Betaxolol

Timolol

Answer 3

1. Beta Blockers
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. Block NE at ciliary epithelium –> decrease aqueous humor formation

Question 4

Apraclonidine (alpha 2 agonist)

Answer 4

1. Sympathomimetic
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. decrease NE release pre-junctional (via NE negative feedback) –> decrease aqueous humor formation

Question 5

Epinephrine

Answer 5

1. Sympathomimetic
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. Increase the outflow

Question 6

Acetazolamide

Dorzolamide

Answer 6

1. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. Decrease HCO3- –> decrease aqueous humor formation

Question 7

Latanoprost

Bimatoprost

Answer 7

1. Prostaglandin PGF2 alpha analog
2. Rx Glaucoma
3. Increase the outflow through the meshwork

Note: Bimatoprost is approved for lengthening and darkening of the eyelashes (Eyelash Hypertrichosis)