Define globalisation
A process of global integration of politics, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture
how can global flows be used as threats? ( list 3 reasons)
any of the following:
- racial tensions
- overpopulation
- data corruption
- cyber attack
- business competition
- conflict
- co2 emissions
- dominant companies = small companies lose business
3 benefits of globalisation…
+ trade easier
+ active exchange of goods between countries
+ more jobs
3 costs of globalisation…
- less jobs
- people and then environment suffer from it
- adds to global warming ( transport goods> release more greenhouse gases
What were the three main transports in the 19th century?
- steam power
- railways
- telephone and telegraph
why was steam power good in the 19th century?
Steamships and trains transport food and armies alone trade routes to Asia and Africa
why was railways good in the 19th century?
1800s railway networks expanded globally
> railways connected Moscow with China and Japan
> high speed railway half the journey time from London to northern England
why were telephones and telegraphs good in the 19th century?
telephone = core tech for connecting long distance
what are the two main transports in the 20th century?
Jet aircraft
Container shipping
why are jet aircrafts good in the 20th century?
recent expansion of cheap flights > mass rich in nations
why is container shipping good in the 20th century?
- 200 million container movements every year
- has been the backbone of global economy since 1950
how do developments in transport contribute to a shrinking world?
- changes our concept of time and distance
- travel time falls due to improved transport
- begin to feel closer then in the past
what are the three technologies which have contributed to the time space compression?
- broadband
- GIS &GPS
- internet and social networks
how has broadband and fibre optics contributed to the time space compression?
- large amounts of data moved quickly through cyber space
- 2 flows of data are conveyed across the ocean floor
- 1 million km of flexible undersea cables
how has GIS and GPS contributed to the time space compression?
- global positioning system launched in 1970s
- 24 situated 10,000 above earth
- deliveries can be tracked by companies
how has the internet and social networks contributed to the time space compression?
- connectivity has grown exponentially
- designed during the 1960s
define the time-space compression
A heightened connectivity which has changed our concept of time and distance and potential barriers to the migration of people, goods, money
what has been the change in transport between 1930-2000?
- general decrease in costs
- air transport, satellite charges, transatlantic phone calls and sea freight have all fallen
what are the three organisations which has contributed to globalisation?
- world trade organisation
- imf
- world bank
what does the world trade organisation do?
> asks countries to remove tariffs/ taxes on foreign imports
for a country to get help and receive loans they have to agree on following the rules
one advantage and disadvantage of the world trade organisation?
- exposes local economies and destroys local businesses
+trade is free so good for the global economy
Example of how the world trade organisation have helped a country
India -> American rice brought in
Ghana -> Italian tomatoes brought in
what does the IMF do?
-gives loans to poor countries and in return they ask to run free market economies
One advantage and disadvantage of the IMF
-divide small countries
-represents US interests
+main purpose is to stop communism
+helps our poor countries in the short term
