GLOBALISATION EQ2

Question 1

What term describes the long-term movement of manufacturing from Europe/USA to Asia?

Answer 1

Global shift

Question 2

Which policy change in China in 1978 allowed foreign trade and TNC entry?

Answer 2

Open Door reforms

Question 3

What type of investment by TNCs funds new factories and service centres abroad?

Answer 3

FDI

Question 4

Which Asian country became a major outsourcing hub for IT and call centres?

Answer 4

India

Question 5

Which Asian country became the world’s largest manufacturing base for electronics and textiles?

Answer 5

China

Question 6

What benefit of the global shift involves large-scale motorway, rail and energy upgrades in China?

Answer 6

Infrastructure investment

Question 7

What benefit involves secure, regular wages replacing subsistence farming incomes?

Answer 7

Waged work, increasing disposable income

Question 8

Global shift led to a fall in extreme poverty in China by how much between 1980 to 2015?

Answer 8

From 84% to <10%

Question 9

What social benefit results from new training provided by TNCs in Asia?

Answer 9

Skills and education

Question 10

What form of environmental stress occurs in Beijing due to coal power and vehicle use?

Answer 10

Air pollution

Question 11

Which major Asian river suffers from industrial waste and sewage pollution?

Answer 11

Ganges

Question 12

What term describes widening gaps between skilled and unskilled workers in emerging economies?

Answer 12

Inequality

Question 13

What process describes industrial decline in the UK and USA following the global shift?

Answer 13

Deindustrialisation

Question 14

Which UK city suffered major job losses in shipbuilding and engineering?

Answer 14

Glasgow

Question 15

What physical legacy is left when factories close and sites are abandoned?

Answer 15

Dereliction

Question 16

What contamination issue remains in old docklands and shipyards?

Answer 16

Heavy metal pollution

Question 17

What demographic change affected Glasgow as workers left to find employment elsewhere?

Answer 17

Depopulation

Question 18

What term describes the cycle of job loss → low spending → further decline?

Answer 18

Negative multiplier/spiral of decline

Question 19

What were issues with social housing that was created in Glasgow’s suburbs?

Answer 19

Lack of shops and services caused isolation and crime

Question 20

What term refers to poor health outcomes in Glasgow beyond expected deprivation levels?

Answer 20

Glasgow Effect

Question 21

What atmospheric condition traps Delhi’s winter pollution close to the surface?

Answer 21

Temperature inversion

Question 22

Which farming practice in Punjab and Haryana contributes to Delhi’s smog?

Answer 22

Stubble burning

Question 23

What term describes people living in Delhi without legal residency or property rights?

Answer 23

Floating population

Question 24

What type of settlement forms when migrants build on unused land with little regulation?

Answer 24

Informal settlement

Question 25

What pollution impact occurs when waste seeps from landfill into water sources?

Answer 25

Groundwater contamination

Question 26

What social risk increases when population density is very high?

Answer 26

Disease spread due to poor sanitation

Question 27

Which migration type involves people moving from rural areas to cities?

Answer 27

Rural-urban migration

Question 28

What are the two main drivers of megacity growth?

Answer 28

Migration and natural increase

Question 29

What attraction such as jobs or services draws people to cities?

Answer 29

Pull factor

Question 30

What rural condition such as poverty persuades people to migrate?

Answer 30

Push factor

Question 31

Which global hub city attracts elite migrants for high-skilled finance jobs?

Answer 31

London

Question 32

Which Middle Eastern city relies heavily on low-wage migrant labour?

Answer 32

Dubai

Question 33

What term describes wealthy, globally mobile professionals?

Answer 33

Elite migrants

Question 34

What term describes migrants often working in agriculture, construction, domestic or service roles?

Answer 34

Low-waged migrants

Question 35

What internal system in Gulf States historically restricted foreign workers’ freedoms?

Answer 35

Kafala system

Question 36

What economic benefit to source countries comes from money sent home by migrants?

Answer 36

Remittances

Question 37

Which country relies on remittances for over 25% of its GDP?

Answer 37

Nepal

Question 38

What negative impact occurs when large numbers of skilled workers leave a country?

Answer 38

Brain drain

Question 39

What term refers to cities acting as global command, finance and cultural centres?

Answer 39

Global hubs

Question 40

What feature makes global hubs attractive to TNCs and skilled workers?

Answer 40

Connectivity

Question 41

What cultural process spreads ideas, values and products worldwide?

Answer 41

Cultural diffusion

Question 42

What cultural outcome occurs when traditional practices are replaced by global ones?

Answer 42

Cultural erosion

Question 43

What is the process that means cultures become increasingly similar due to globalisation

Answer 43

Cultural homogenisation

Question 44

What simplified global form of English is widely used in business?

Answer 44

Globish

Question 45

Which city illustrates megacity growth caused by migration from rural Uttar Pradesh?

Answer 45

Delhi

Question 46

What major environmental problem in megacities leads to PM2.5 concentrations above WHO limits?

Answer 46

Air pollution

Question 47

What is the main driver of Delhi’s youthful population structure?

Answer 47

Rural-urban migration

Question 48

What development occurs when TNC investment leads to new jobs and rising incomes in Asia?

Answer 48

Positive multiplier effect

Question 49

What social challenge emerges when infrastructure fails to keep pace with migration?

Answer 49

Service shortages, e.g. healthcare, housing, education

Question 50

What environmental impact arises from rapid industrialisation and weak regulation?

Answer 50

Ecosystem degradation, e.g. air and water pollution

Question 51

What economic transition describes shift from manufacturing to services in developed economies?

Answer 51

Post-industrial shift

Question 52

Which group benefits most from high-skilled opportunities in global hubs?

Answer 52

Elite migrants

Question 53

Which group is most exposed to unsafe work and poor living conditions?

Answer 53

Low-waged migrants