Globalisation EQ2 (3.2)

Question 1

why has there been a global shift to Asia over he past 30 years ?

Answer 1

• there has been a shift of manufacturing jobs to China, Philippines and Bangladesh in particular
• there has been a large shift of services and administration to India

Question 2

what have been some of the environmental issues that China has faced as a result of industrialisation ?

Answer 2

what have been some of the environmental issues that China has faced as a result of industrialisation ?

Question 3

what are the costs of global shift for Asia ?

Answer 3

• urban sprawl
• unplanned developments
• pressure on natural resources
• low wages and long working hours
• loss of tradition
• environmental damage e.g air pollution, water pollution,desertification

Question 4

what are the human consequences of global shift to Asia on developed countries and their cities ?

Answer 4

• increased crime in Detroit due to low unemployment
• low population due to people moving to find jobs
• derelict land from old factories in Glasgow

Question 5

what is a refugee ?

Answer 5

someone with a well rounded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality or political opinions

Question 6

what might be some push and pull factors for rural urban migration ?

Answer 6

push: drought, poverty, poor sanitation, lack of jobs, poor/no schooling
pull: no water shortage, good jobs, good healthcare and schooling

Question 7

what are the characteristics of the mega city Karachi ?

Answer 7

• it is known as the ‘most dangerous megacity’ as it has a murder rate of 12.3 per 100,000
• Taliban run criminal enterprises
• from 2000-2010 the city grew by 80%
• there are however some excellent universities there

Question 8

what are the social challenges of rapid growth in New Delhi ?

Answer 8

• govt. struggling to provide services and basic needs
• private buildings target the wealthy and so property is unaffordable
• unplanned urban growth leads to shanty towns

Question 9

what are some of the environmental problems of rapid growth in New Delhi ?

Answer 9

• increased population leads to more vehicles and so more pollution
• air pollution is India’s 5th biggest killer
• sewage pollution, chemical dumping and factory fuel spillages

Question 10

what makes a city sustainable ?

Answer 10

good governance for example tax collection, enough resources, good education and healthcare to maintain economic growth

Question 11

what are some of the problems associated with mega cities ?

Answer 11

• hyper urbanisation
• traffic congestion
• pollution
• poverty
• disease
• urban sprawl and slum growth
• pressure on resources
• excessive waste

Question 12

what is a global hub ?

Answer 12

switched on places with certain qualities that make other places want to connect with them.

Question 13

what is an example of a global hub ?

Answer 13

Panama which has god transport links, a stable economy and is in a free trade zone making it great for investments.

Question 14

what are the things that make a global hub develop ?

Answer 14

natural: coastline, minerals, strategic location
human: large labour force, affluence, skilled labour, good transport links

Question 15

what different types of migrants might be attracted to global hubs ?

Answer 15

• high-paid workers working for offices and TNC’s
• low wage workers doing manual labour for the elites such as cleaning, driving, nannies
• other low skilled jobs such as construction

Question 16

what are the costs and benefits of migration for the source country ?

Answer 16

costs:

• loss of skilled and educated workers
• families are broken up as the young males tend to leave their family behind
• mass emigration can be viewed as a failure to provide for people back home

benefits:

• remittances boost incomes of families
• could provide links to other countries
• reductions in pressure of resources

Question 17

what are the costs and benefits of migration for the host country ?

Answer 17

costs:

• higher demand for resources and services
• cultural tensions could arise
• more people could mean more housing so green space is lost

benefits:

• low wages workers may do the jobs that other people don’t want to do e.g cleaner
• they can counteract an ageing population as they are often young

Question 18

what is cultural diffusion ?

Answer 18

the spread of culture from powerful civilisations to other places

Question 19

what is remittances ?

Answer 19

The money migrants end home to help their families from the source country

Question 20

what is cultural imperialism ?

Answer 20

spreading of culture using force

Question 21

how has western culture spread ?

Answer 21

• migration
• tourism
• TNCs spreading their brands
• media e.g movies

Question 22

what is Americanistion ?

Answer 22

the spreading of american culture across the world. This has been done through brands such as McDonald and apple but also through media. America think that imposing their culture on other countries will improve the lives of other countries. There has been backlash to this though in the form of hatred and terrorism from the middle-eastern countries.

Question 23

what are some of the negative impacts that western culture spreading has had ?

Answer 23

• The spread of western diet such as high sugar and fat has increased obesity mostly in Asian cities due to chains such as McDonald’s and KFC
• more wasteful western attitudes have spread which has increased pollution

Question 24

how have some countries protected their culture from globalisation ?

Answer 24

• France ar protective of their culture and the government is very supportive of french film makers. Under law 40% of TV must be in french.
• China blocks certain internet sites such as BBC and Facebook. Also it only allows 34 foreign films per year