GOV

Question 1

natural rights

Answer 1

rights that guarenteed to all citizens and which no government may take away

Question 2

social contract

Answer 2

an agreement between people and government in which citizens agree to give up some power to the government in exchange for security so long as the government protects their natural rights

Question 3

limited government

Answer 3

a political system in which the governement power is restricted by laws or a written constitution

Question 4

popular sovereignty

Answer 4

the power and authority of government belonging to the people (people rule)

Question 5

republicanism

Answer 5

s system of government in which the people elect officals to represent them in government and make decisions. Is a synonym for representative democracy

Question 6

Participatory Democracy

Answer 6

policy make institutions are influenced by citizens directly

Question 7

Pluralist democracy

Answer 7

policy make institutions are influenced by non-gov groups (formal interest groups)

Question 8

elite democracy

Answer 8

policy making institutions are influenced by the wealthy and powerful (select groups of advantage citizens)

Question 9

limited government

Answer 9

belief that government is not all powerful government has only those powers given to it

Question 10

seperation of powers

Answer 10

power is seperated among the 3 branches of government. Each has its own powers and duties and is independent of and equal to the other branches

Question 11

Checks and Balaces

Answer 11

each branch is subject to restraints by the other two branches

Question 12

federalism

Answer 12

a discussion of government powers between the national government and the states

Question 13

confederation

Answer 13

a group of states united inder a weak central government

Question 14

articles of confederation

Answer 14

first national constitution for the newly independent states

Question 15

article 2

Answer 15

created a seperate executive branch

Question 16

article 3

Answer 16

created a supreme court and gave congress the ability to create lower courts

Question 17

Article 1, section 8

Answer 17

congress was given the power to tax, to regulate foreign and interstate commerce, and given the power to coin money

Question 18

Article 1 sections 2 and 3

Answer 18

states are represented based on pop. in the house and represented equally in senate

Question 19

Article 1, Section 7

Answer 19

only a simple majority is needed in the house and sentate for a bill to pass

Question 20

Article v (5)

Answer 20

2/3 of Congress propose an amendment, and senate for a bill to pass

Question 21

Great (Connecticut) Compromise

Answer 21

Bicameral congress, senate (equal representation = 2 senators) and selected by state legislatures

Question 22

Three-fifths compromise

Answer 22

each state would count 3/5 of its slave pop. for purpose of determining both representation and taxation

Question 23

commerce and slave trade compromise

Answer 23

congress prohibited from taxing exports from the states and from banning the slave trade for a period of 20 years

Question 24

Electoral College Compromise

Answer 24

each state recieves electoral votes = to the # of seats each state has in Congress. compromise from pop (undeducated people) and vote in congress(legislative controling the executive)

Question 25

enumerated/delegated powers

Answer 25

national government

Question 26

Reserved powers

Answer 26

shared

Question 27

concurrent powers

Answer 27

state

Question 28

inherent powers

Answer 28

acquiring territory, defending the nation, regulating immigration and conducting diplomacy

Question 29

implied powers

Answer 29

powers of national government that are not directly written in the constitution but are resonably suggested based on expressed powers

Question 30

necassary and proper clause

Answer 30

"to make all laws when shall be necassary and proper for carrying into execution"

Question 31

commerce clause

Answer 31

power of congress to regulate interstate and foreign trade

Question 32

10th amendment

Answer 32

powers not delegated to the US by the constitution nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states

Question 33

14th amendment

Answer 33

prevents any state from denying any person due process or equal protection

Question 33

supremay clause

Answer 33

establishes that federal law/US constitution, take precedence (prevail) over state laws/state constitution

Question 34

full faith and credit clause

Answer 34

offical documents like marriage license, divorce papers, birth certificate and drivers licenses are valid in all states

Question 35

privileges and immunities clause

Answer 35

prevents states from discriminated against citizens of other states

Question 36

extradition

Answer 36

if you commit a crime and flee to another state, that state has to return you to the state where you committed the crime

Question 37

dual federalism

Answer 37

power is clearly divided between the federal government and state government. Each level of government has specific powers in its sphere and the two spheres rarely overlap (layer cake federalism)

Question 38

cooperative federalism

Answer 38

national state and local government interact cooperatively to solve common problems (marble cake federalism)

Question 39

federal grant

Answer 39

transfers of money from the fed government to the states for a particular purpose

Question 40

Categorical Grant

Answer 40

money given by the federal government to state and local government to be used for a specific purpose. State and local government must comply with specific intructions and rules in order to recieve the $

Question 40

block grants

Answer 40

money given by the fed government to state and local government to be used for broad purposes with few strings attached. The state/local government must comply with the broad purpose of the grant

Question 41

federal revenue sharing

Answer 41

(no longer in place 1972-1986) The fed government collected taxes from the country as a whole and then gave part of that tax revenue back to state and local government without specific requirements

Question 42

mandates

Answer 42

requirments set by the national government that states must meet (usually when recieving fed money)

Question 43

Clean air act (1970)

Answer 43

reduce air pollution, national government sets national standards for clean air state governments have to implement and monitor these standards. ex)car emmisions (cooperative federalism)

Question 43

unfunded mandates

Answer 43

requirments set by the national government that states must meet without being given money by the fed government to meet the requirments

Question 44

National Voter Registration Act (Motor Voter Act)

Answer 44

requires states to give people an opportunity to register to vote when they apply/renew their drivers license (cooperative federalism)

Question 44

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

Answer 44

assists families with children when parents cant provide states have flexability to carry out the program and design the program, payments, rules, whos eligible and the range of other services

Question 45

American with Disabilities Act

Answer 45

Prohibits its discrimination against disabled people. Required states to make all public facilities accessible to people with dissabilties. Costly and unfunded (no fed money was given to states to comply with new requirments)

Question 46

Head Start Program

Answer 46

promotes school readiness of infants, toddlers and preschool-aged children from low-income families (specific rules for states to get money)

Question 47

Medicad

Answer 47

Health insurance for people whose financial situation is considered low income. The states carry out the medicad program in their state by following fed requirments

Question 48

Devolution

Answer 48

the fed government teporarily gives authority to the states about handling fed programs and spending fed money

Question 49

McCulloch v Maryland (1819)

Answer 49

said congress has implied powers, it can do things not specifically listed in the constituion. If they help carry out its duties, also ruled that states can't tax or interfere with fed institutions, reinforcing that the fed government is supreme over the states

Question 50

US v Lopez (1995)

Answer 50

limited congress's power under the commerce clause. the supreme court ruled that congress can't regulate activities that don't substationally affect interstate commerece, reinforcing limits on fed power