grammar

Question 1

What are the different sentence moods?

Answer 1

• declarative
• interrogative
• imperative
• exclamatory

Question 2

What is a noun phrase ?

Answer 2

a string of words which all depend on the noun in some way
e.g. those bicycles

Question 3

What is a verb phrase?

Answer 3

• consist of either 1 main verb modified by a negative word/adverb or of a main verb preceded by on or more auxiliary verbs
  e.g. had been living or didn’t compose

Question 4

What is a prepositional phrase?

Answer 4

• has a preposition as its head word and are usually closely followed by a post-Head string only, which is usually a determiner and a noun
  e.g. through the window

Question 5

What is a simple sentence?

Answer 5

one main verb e.g. she laughed

Question 6

What is a compound sentence?

Answer 6

2 main verbs joined by a coordinating conjunction e.g. He smiled and she laughed.

Question 7

What is a complex sentence?

Answer 7

a main clause and any number of subordinate clauses e.g. She smiled when he laughed.

Question 8

What are minor sentences?

Answer 8

• don’t have a main verb, but which can be understood as a complete unit of meaning

Question 9

What are major sentences?

Answer 9

contain a main verb and a subject that is either present or readily identifiable

Question 10

What is an adverbial subordinate clause?

Answer 10

• tells us when,where, why and how the main clause can be recognised by the use of a subordinating conjunction
• e.g. because,unless,where,etc - ‘Because I left late’

Question 11

What is a relative subordinate clause?

Answer 11

• adds extra information about one of the nouns and is marked by a relative pronoun
• e.g. ‘Our friend, who is a fireman, is extremely brave’

Question 12

What is a conditional subordinate clause?

Answer 12

• provide a condition
• e.g. if…, or unless…

Question 13

What is the active voice?

Answer 13

• where the subject of a sentence is clear
• e.g. Barry ate the cake

Question 14

What is the passive voice?

Answer 14

• where the subject of the sentence is disguised
• formed with BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
• e.g. The cake was eaten

Question 15

What are the two tenses?

Answer 15

past and present

Question 16

What are the two aspects?

Answer 16

perfect and progressive

Question 17

How is the perfect aspect created?

Answer 17

HAVE + past participle(ed, en, u)
e.g. I have swum in the pool -> present perfect

Question 18

How is the progressive aspect created?

Answer 18

BE + present participle (ing)
e.g. Bruce was running -> past progressive