Grape Varieties Flashcards by Ella Wilkins

What are the aromatic white varieties?

Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinot Gris
Gruner Veltliner

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What are the characteristics of Riesling?

Aromatic
High Acid
Cool - Moderate Climate
Affected by Botrytis
Citrus but tropical when affected by Botrytis

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What are the characteristics of Gewurztraminer?

Aromatic
Low acid (can be a balance issue with aromatic)
Cool - moderate
No Botrytis
Rose and lychee

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What are the characteristics of Pinot Gris?

(Moderately) Aromatic
Medium - High Acid
Cool - Moderate
No Botrytis
When ripe stone fruit and banana

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What are the characteristics of Gruner Veltliner?

Green Cousin of Riesling
Aromatic
High Acid
Cool - Moderate
No Botrytis
Grass, water cress, white pepper
Textural when yields are lowered.

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How would you make an aromatic wine in the winery?

Keep them fresh!
- Keep wine away from 02. Closed containers when travelling. Sulphur.
-Skin contact for a couple of hours to extract flavours
-Stainless steel vessels.
-No Malo, no oak, no lees stirring

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What are the characteristics of Melon Blanc?

Not aromatic
High Acid
Cool climate
No Botrytis
Citrus
Can spend time sur lie to add body and texture, bread and cheese

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What are the characteristics of Chenin Blanc?

Not aromatic
High Acid
Can grow in any climate!
Botrytis affected.
Fresh apple - tropical fruit. Waxy, wet wool. Can be more about the feels.

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What style of wine does Chenin Blanc make?

A variety! It’s common for the grapes of a bunch to ripen at different rates.

Underripe - sparkling
Also dry, medium and sweet.

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What are the characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc?

Aromatic
High Acid
Cool - Moderate climate
Not affected by botrytis
Green, herbaceous, citrus
Riper examples: tropical and stone fruit

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What are the characteristics of Red Burgundy?

Cool - Moderate Climate
High Acid
Low Tannin
Red fruit

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What are the characteristics of Gamay?

Prefers more moderate
High Acid
Low Tannin
Red fruit
Naturally high yielding, bit of a quality glass ceiling.

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What are the characteristics of Syrah?

High (ish) tannin
Medium acid
Black fruits. Spicy.

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What are the characteristics of Viognier?

Moderate climate only.
Aromatic.
Low acid.
Stone fruits and flowers.

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Why would you put Viognier in to ferment with Syrah?

Viognier helps extract bright colour and fruit in Syrah.

Some places in the Northern Rhone still allow up to 20%.

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What do Marsanne and Rousanne lend to a blend?

Marsanne - Body
Rousanne - Floral notes and high acid.

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What are the characteristics of Grenache?

Warm climate
Low tannin
Low acid
Bright, confectionary red fruit

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What does Mourvedre add to a blend? What are their characteristics?

Body
Tannin
Concentration

High acid
High tannin
Black fruit

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What does Cinsault add to a GSM blend?

It makes it fruity

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What are the characteristics of Picpoul?

Non-aromatic
Warm Mediterranean
High Acid
Green fruit and citrus
Crisp, refreshing white

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What are the characteristics of Tempranillo?

Study These Flashcards

“Spanish Cab Sav”
High (ish) Acid
High (ish) Tannin
Red AND Black fruit

What are the characteristics of Viura?

Study These Flashcards

Herbal and green
Spicy
Unoaked style but traditionally heavily oaked

What are the characteristics of Albarino?

Study These Flashcards

Moderate climate
Not aromatic, no botrytis
High Acid
Citrus/stone fruits
Medium body
Naturally has a bit more body and texture - especially when yields are lowered.

What are the characteristics of Verdejo?

Study These Flashcards

Highly susceptible to O2! Sherry or protective winemaking.
Med-High acid
Melon and peach flavours.
Either light bodied style or a richer, fuller bodied style when it has undergone lees stirring and barrel fermentation.

What does Graciano add to a blend?

It's a structure grape. Small quantities are used to add; concentrated black fruit aromas acid and tannin (to help age)

What are the characteristics of Carinena/Mazuelo?

High Acid High Tannin High Colour

What are the characteristics of Mencia?

*Same bag as Cab Franc* Moderate climates High Acid Medium Tannin Red fruit, perfumed, minerality that comes across as primary earthiness and granite.

What are the characteristics of Nebbiolo?

Perfume and power High Acid High Tannin Red fruit Perfumed - rose petals, violet, dried herbs. Tertiary - mushrooms and black truffle.

What are the characteristics of Barbera?

Deeply coloured and thick, not as tannic as Nebbiolo. Low Tannin High Acid Red fruit Spicy, dried herbs Can be young and fruity or oak aged and capable of ageing.

What are the characteristics of Dolcetto?

Medium acid High tannin Red and black fruits Dried herbs Considered a minor grape in NW Italy

What are the characteristics of Cortese?

Not aromatic or botrytis High Acid Green fruit, citrus, floral Easy drinking, crisp, fresh

What are the characteristics of Corvina?

Local to North East Italy Between Pinot and Merlot High Acid Low Tannin Red fruit - plums

What are the characteristics of Merlot?

Medium Acid Medium Tannin Red fruit

What are the characteristics of Pinot Grigio?

Not aromatic or botrytis Characteristics depend on the climate Med-High Acid Citrus and green fruit - Stone fruit.

What are the characteristics of Garganega?

High(ish) acid Medium body Pears, red apple, stone fruits and sometimes white pepper.

What are the characteristics of Valpolicella?

Corvina High Acid Low Tannin Red fruit (plums)

What are the characteristics of Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?

Dry/off-dry Full bodied High alcohol Medium - High Tannin Intensely concentrated red berry and spice flavours. Usually aged in large oak casks.

What are the characteristics of Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG?

Sweet Med-High alcohol Full body Med-High tannin Intense red fruit flavours.

What are the characteristics of Valpolicella Ripasso DOC?

Medium-full bodied Medium-high tannin Stewed red cherries and plums.

What are the characteristics of Verdicchio? Where would you find it?

High Acid Green apple, lemon, fennel, crushed almonds Found in Marche, central Italy.

What are the characteristics of Oriveto DOC?

Med-High acid Ripe grapefruit and peaches.

What does Malvasia add to a blend?

Blossom and floral

What are the characteristics of Montepulciano?

Medium Acid High Tannin Black fruit, rustic.

What are the characteristics of Aglianico?

High Acid High Tannin Deep colour Black fruit Ages well, usually oaked

What are the characteristics of Primitivo?

High yielding, high volume, red fruit, easy drinking - Puglia IGT Best full bodied Medium Acid Medium Tannin High alcohol Very ripe berry fruit

What are the characteristics of Negroamaro?

High yielding, easy drinking, fruity - Puglia IGT Best full bodied Medium Tannin Medium Acid High Alcohol Baked red and black fruit

What are the characteristics of Nero d'Avola?

Medium - full bodied Medium Acid Medium Tannin Plums and Black cherries

What are the characteristics Etna Rosso DOC?

High Acid High Tannin Sour red cherry, cranberries and raspberries Sometimes dried herbs

What are the characteristics of Sangiovese?

High Acid High Tannin Red cherries, plums, dried herbs Often aged in oak to soften tannins and add spicy flavours.

What are the characteristics of Monastrell?

Thick skinned, drought tolerant Deep coloured, full bodied High Tannin High Alcohol Low - Medium Acid Ripe blackberry fruit

Grape Varieties Flashcards

(50 cards)