head and neck pathology

Question 1

red flags in head and neck?

Answer 1

• neck lump
• sore throat
• difficulty in swallowing
• stridor
• weight loss, pain while swallowing
• referred ear pain
• hoarseness
• non healing ulcers
• unilateral nasal obstruction/bleeding

Question 2

what are malignant causes of sore throat?

Answer 2

malignancies of pharynx, larynx and neck

Question 3

does a thyroglossal cyst move on swallowing?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

what is the management for a thyroglossal cyst?

Answer 4

-surgical removal

Question 5

what are some lumps that may appear in the anterior triangle?

Answer 5

• lymph nodes
• branchial cyst
• salivary glands
• carotid body tumour

Question 6

what does unknown primary mean?

Answer 6

the patient presents with a lump but you cannot find where the cancer is coming from (usually caused by HPV)