1
Q
Aneas
A
prince of troy whose ancestors started Rome
2
Q
a prince of Troy
A
Aneas
3
Q
great orator of Rome
A
Cicero
4
Q
written by Cicero
A
On the Republic,
On Invention,
On the oRator
5
Q
wrote the Aneid
A
Virgil
6
Q
ancient Roman/Greek writers
A
Virgil - Aneid
Odyssey - Homer
7
Q
6 jobsof the ancient Roman government
A
Consuls
Senators
Censurs
Praetors
Tribunes
Quaestors
8
Q
Counsels (ancient Roman government)
A
two spots
head of government/commander in chief
went to the Senate at the end of their term
9
Q
Senators (ancient Roman government)
A
300 spots
served for life
military, foreign affairs…
10
Q
Censurs (ancient Roman government)
A
two
set taxes, appointed senators,
11
Q
Praetors (ancient Roman government)
A
- two year terms
hed of state/high judges
12
Q
Tribunes (ancient Roman government)
A
guard rights of plebians and can veto officals
one year term
13
Q
Quaestors (ancient Roman government)
A
eight. one year term
treasurers
14
Q
architecture structure for all gods
A
Pantheon
15
Q
famous Baths
A
Baths of Carcacalla
kahr uh KAL uh
16
Q
how many people could Circus Maximus hold
A
385K
free admission
17
Q
how many people could the Colosseum hold
A
50K
paid admission
18
Q
why were most barbarians called “germanic tribes”
A
b/c from germany
visigoths, vandals, franks, ostrogoths
19
Q
barbarians who destroyed Rome
A
VIsigoths
20
Q
barbarians from N. Africa
A
Vandals
21
Q
were wer the Ostrogoths from
A
barbarians from Italy and West balkans
22
Q
aka ancient France
A
Gaul
23
Q
barbarians from Gaul
A
Franks
24
Q
height of Charlemagne
A
King of Franks
6’4 when most men were 5ft
25
Charlemagne
king of franks
6'4ft during a time when most men were 5 ft
King of Franks in 768
close with Pope Leo 3 and became Holy Roman emperor
respected learning and schools
26
holy place
shrine
27
year when the crusaders captured Jerusalem
1099
28
year of the 8 major crusades
1095 - 1291
29
sheepskin used for writing
parchmetn
30
document giving the right to self-govern
charter
31
charter
document giving yhou the right ot self-government
32
characteristic of Romanesque churches
round arches
33
journey to become a knight
page
squire (15yo)
knight at 21yo
34
how did knights prove themselves
fought at tournaments.
code of chivalry
35
armor protection for knighrts
chain mail
flexible but heavy
if knocked off horse, they were helpless to get up b/c heavy
36
years of the Feudal system in Europe
80-1300
37
roles within the feudal system
pyramid of loyalties
- vassel: minor nobels
- land: fief
serf - worker
manor- etstate/farm
38
Magna Carter
King John
1215
mostly ignored peasants (80%) pop mssob nobel an church
39
ancient Florence
city state on the ARno River
home to Medici/bankers
rich merchant princes
40
famous family in Florence
Lorenzeo Medici the Magnificant
- banker, politics, scholar, poet
41
Giotto
(JAHT-oh_
Florence 1300s
perspective painter
42
Renaissance era perspective painter
Giotto - JAHT oh
43
work by Michangelo
St Peters Church
Sistente Chapel
Moses
David
44
work by Da Vinci
Last Supper
Mona Lisa
1505
45
why did Renaissance Italy decline as a center of trade
during Renaissance, there was Spanish/Portugese trade boom but in the late 1400s, portugese/spanish new routes by sea so italy declined as center of trade
46
yr of Gutenberg type
1450
47
year Martin Luter did his act
1517: nailed on the door of the Whittenberg church the 95 Theses. complaints against the Catholic cCurch
48
who was the HRE Martin Luther went up against
Charles V. put Luther on trial and forbade peope to give him food/shelter. a prince defied
49
when did Henry 8 start the Protestant Church
1534
50
when did Queen Mary die
Queen 1553-1558
51
reign of Edward 6 (brother of Mary/Liz)
`1547-53
died at 15yo from
52
year of Lady Jane Gray
Nine Days Queen
1553 when Edward died
- great granddaugher of Henry 7 and grand niece of Henry 8 (cousin to Edward/Mary/Liz)
- will of Henry 8 said she was next in line after her cousins
53
year Lady Jane Gray died
1554. age 16 or 17
54
100 Yrs War
England versu France
1337-1453
55
year of Joan of Arc
1429
called to drive out ENglish
56
year Liz I died
1603
57
year Newton published theory of gravity
1687
58
year of Copernicus
1543
59
invented steam engine
James Watt 1782
60
year of the spinning jenny
1765
61
year of the steam locomotive
1804
62
USA steamboard
Robert FUlton 1807 Clermont for Hudson
63
folk hero of Norway
Sigud
64
folk hero Siegfried
germany
65
folk hero of France
Roland
66
El CId
Prince of Valencia Spain.
1094-1099
67
Nok
300bc made Iron tools
68
Swahili noted in E Africa
900 AD
69
yr of the Songhai empire
1464
70
yr Berlin Conference divided Africa
1884
71
length of the Great Rift Valley
3500 miles
72
3 south African rivers
Zambezi, Orange, Limpopo
73
yr of the Nok
900bc - 200 AD
Nigeria
74
yr of the Ghana empire
700 AD
75
Djenne
historic town in central Mali known as one of the oldest towns in sub Saharan Africa. adobe architecture an role in trans-Saharan trade
76
wrote about Mansa Musa
Ibn Battuta
bah TOO TAH
77
sailboat with triangle sails
dhow
78
rounded cape of good hope
barthomeu dias
1488
79
ruler of Zanizibar ended East African slave trade
1873
80
farmers of S. Africa
Boers
spoke Affrikaans
81
when did apartheid become the official policy of S. Africa
1948
82
group of Nigeria
Yoruba
83
first African nation to get independence from Britian
Ghana in 1957
84
year Britian ended slave trade
1807
85
year French ended slave trade
1818
86
Biafara
Ibo tribe trie dto suceed from Nigeria in 1967 but civil war and starvation
87
harambi
pulling together
88
yr of the UN Charter
1945
89
purpose of the UN
to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war and also to solve world problems
90
UNESCO
UN education, scientific, and culture organization
91
yr of farming around the Indus River
2500 bc
92
year Arayans conquored N. India
1500 bc
93
yr of Japanese first emperor
660 bc
94
yr of the Great Wall
214 bc
95
yr of India golden age
320-500 AD
96
feudal Japan
800-1854
97
yr of Marco Polo
1275
98
yr US recognized Communist China
1978
99
yr oif British East India trading company in India
1600AD
100
yr Commodore Perry visited Japan
1854
101
yr Communists took control of China
1948
102
aka "rooftop of the world"
Palmir Knot
- Pakistan, Afghanistan< xchina, Russia...
103
where is Mt everst
Nepal and Tibet
104
north south eurasian moutntain range
Ural Mts. N to south.
divides europe and asia
105
rivers in China
Huang He, Xi Juang...
106
river border of USSR and CHina
Amur River
107
Ob River
Siberian river that flows into the ARctic
108
climate of teh steppe
hot summer. dry
mild cold winter
109
what makes it difficult for countries to industralize
industrialization is difficult if a country lacks ability to power their factories
110
desert in INdia
Thar Desert
111
Thar Desert
NW India.
India and Palistan
112
where is Pubjab
NW India. hast he most fertile land
113
pet Liz I had
elephant
114
Indus River civilizations
2500 bc
Harappa and Mohenjo Daro
115
between Afghanistan and Pakistan
Kyber Pass
116
basis of many Indian languages
Sanskirt
117
caste system in India
unchangable group
top: Brahamin. priests
Kshatryia - rulers/warriros
vaisya = farmers
sudra - service/medial jobs
Dalit = untouchables
118
service/medial jobs in the Indian caste system
Sudra
119
aka untouchables in the Indian caste system
Dalit
120
mythical leader of Hinduism
6th century BC = Guatama Buddha
the enlightened one
- prince but spoke in common language all could understand
prince
121
blue hindu god
Krishna
122
Indian golden age
4th centruy BC
123
Asoka
255 b c.
peak of Buddhism in India
- originally warlike but later adapted peaceful buddhism
- rair ruler
sent out Buddhism missionaries
124
Akbar
1556-1605
Mongul
treated Hindu well
grandson was Shah Jahan of Taj Majal fame
125
Indian contemporary of Liz I1
Akbar 1555-1605
Mongul
126
built Taj Mahal
Shah Jahan in 1631
127
popular waterfront prominade in Manilla
Roxas Boulevard
- famous fr Yact club. also home of US embassy
128
yr Philipeans had martial law
1972
129
president of Philippeans who did martial law
1972
Marcos
130
comparative size of New Zealand
Colorado
1200 miles
131
mountain range in Australia
Great Dividing Range.
east coastlength of B
132
length of Great Barrier Reef
1,200 miles with 300 kinds of sea coral
133
main river in AUstralia
Murray RIver
134
location of Tasmania
150 miles osuth of Victoria
135
state of Australia with two large cities
Sydney and Cambarra are both in New South Waleslocation
136
where is Darwin, Australia
top center
137
where is Adelaide, Australia
South Center
138
mountain range in Australia Norther center
MacDonnel Range
139
desert in Australia
Great Victorian Desert
140
water feature south Australia
Great Australian Bight
- 85% of species there are not found anywhere else in the world
141
SE of Australia
Tasman Sea
142
sea that is off the northern coast of Australia
Gulf of Carpentaria
- bay that is in the inlet west of the Coral Sea
143
rock in Australia
Ayers Rock. largest monolith
1k ft high, 2 miles logn
144
what is between the two New Zealand islands
Wellington
145
mountain range in New Zealand
S. Alps
146
plain in S. New Zealand
Cantebury plain
147
first Europeans in New Zealand
Dutch
Abel Tasman in 16 42
BUT
rediscovered in 1769 by Captain Cook
148
treaty w/New Zealand
1840: 500 BN. Island Maoris signed loyalty to the Brit in return for protection via the Treaty of Waitanyi (wy tahn yu)
- Maoris were fefated
149
commonwealth
group fof states with common ties and intersts
150
yr Maoris get to New Zealand
1300
151
first convicts settle in Sydney
1788
152
year of the Commonwealth of Australia
1901
153
yr New Zealand became self-governing
1907
154
free enterprize
market economy.
people have the choice of how to spend their money
155
market economy
= free enterprise
people have the choice of how to spend their money
156
what you have versus what you need
law of supply and demand
demand determines prices
157
demand determines prices
law of supply and demand
158
command economy
government controls and sets productive of goods
USSR/China
159
capital resources
money, tools, factories.s..
160
importance about US economy
we have to continue to invest in it not just profit along
161
corporation
sells part of itself to peopel willing to invest
162
height of the Mayan empire
100-900 AD
163
when did the Aztec discover their home city
1325
164
height of the Incas
1438-1531
165
166
European to Brazil
Pedro Cabral 1500
167
yr Cortez went to Mexico
1519
168
Samuel de Champlain
1603 Irst settlement in NEw France
169
Brazil independence from Portugal
1822
170
yr Candda became a confederation
1867
171
yr Panama Canal
1914
172
yr Canada controlled their on Constitution
1982
173
southern tip of S. America
Tierra del Fuego
Cape Horn
174
pampas
grassy argentine plain
175
high elevation lake in S. America
Lake Titicaca in Bolivia and PEru
1250ft
176
penninsula in MExico
Yuctan
177
pronounce Aztec city
Tay nach tee tlach
stone rising in water
178
like a European king in Latin America
viceroy
179
Drakensberg Mountains
estern portion of the Great Escarpment which encloses the central Sfraican platesu
180
when was Brasilla made the capital of Brazil
1950s
181
king of Brazil
Pedro I
182
ethanol fuel
alcohol derived form biomass like corn or sugarcane
blended with gasoline
183
geographical division of Canada
10 provinces
2 territories
184
connects teh Great Lakes to Atlantic Ocean
Saint Lawrence River
185
Saint Lawrence River
connects great lakes to Atlantic Ocean
186
Saint Lawrence Seaway
Montreal to Lake Ontario
187
prarie providences of Canada
Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatachwa
188
Canada territotry that touches Alaska
(west to east)
Yukon
NW Territories
Nunavut
189
Canada provinces west to east
BAS MONN
British COlumbia
Alberta
Saskatachawan
Manitoba
Ontario
New Brunswick
Nova Scotia
190
water that separates Canada from Greenland
Baffin Bay
Labador Sea
191
claimed Newfoundland for England
1497
John Cabot
192
John Cabot
claimed Newfoundland for ENgland in 1497
193
sailed the south to north coastline of USA
Verazzano
194
discovered the St Lawrence River
Jaques Cartier in 1534
195
Verazzano
sailed south to north USA coast
196
Cartier
discovered St Lawrence river in 1534
197
signed the constitution of Canada
Queen Liz I came to Canada in 1982 to sign their constitution
198
usng energy wisely
Conservation
199
mineral in sand
silicon
200
Maglev
rail transport system that uses electromagnets to levitate and propel trains. reduces rolling reistance, friction, and nose
Maglev = magnetic levitation
201
heated clay
ceremics
202
life of someone born in 1900
1900 - no car/plane
1907- plane
1969: moon
203
cement
binder for construction that sets, hardens, adn adheres to other materials
204
minor planet
asteroid
205
what do we consider Pluto today
dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt
206
ring of bodies beyond Neptune
Kuiper belt
- largest is pLuto
207
island east of Madasgar
Maritania
208
name transitioned to Thailand
1939 = Siam to Thialand
209
ancestors of Thailand
most of Thai descended from Chinese who fled south b/c Kubla Khan/Mongols in 1200
210
2 groups in Thailand
Meos and Karens
211
Karen people
ethno-lingistic group of Tibeto-Burman language speaking
- Myanmar or Thailand
212
wear the neck rings
Padaung of mostlyh Myanmar
213
world's largest archipelago
Indonesia
13500 islands. stretch 3K miles
214
islands of Indonesia
Java
Sumatra
borneo
Komodo dragon
Sulaweisis
215
most important Indonesian island
Java especially Jakarta
216
3 wheeled pedal cabs in Indonesia
betjaks
217
Indonesian shadow play
Wayang Kulit
218
alternative names for Indonesia
Spice Islands
Dutch East Indies
219
islands of Philippens
Luzon, Cebu
Leyte
minadao
220
hx of Philippean rule
Spanish colony for 300ish yrs b/c Magellan claimed them in `521
named after Philip 2 Spanish King
221
Philippean and US relationship
became a protectorate (US protected/controlled them) after Span lost them in teh spanish/am war
222
animals that live in trees
arboreal
223
what type of animal is a komoto drago
monitor lizard
224
most populous city in the Tibetan Plateau
almost 12K ft
Lhasa "Place of the Gods"
225
Buddhist prayer beads
Malas
226
major religion of Thailand
Buddhism
227
pennisunsula of Thailand/Malaysia
Malay Penninsula
228
traditional meditation tool of Buddhism and Hinduism
mala beads
229
yr Philippeans became independent from US
1946
230
yr US withdrew from Vietnam
1973
231
bamboo
sterngthen steel but bends like grass
durable but flexible
12 ft high/wide
2inh/r
can eat bamboo shoots
232
Bangkok river
Chao Phraya River
233
Chao Phraya River
Bangkok
234
major cities along the Mekong River
Ho Chi Minh Vietnam
Phenom Pehn - Cambodia
Siem Reap - Cambodia
Bangkok Thai
Hanoi Vietnam
235
Irawaddy River
bisects myanmar north to south
236
what does Thailand mean
land of the free
237
real life leads of King and I
Rama 4 and Anna Leowenes. 1850s
238
PM named ghandi
Indira Ghanda
PM 1966-1984
239
PM when Ghandi was alive
PM NEhru
240
Ghandi and PM Nehru difference in opinion about India industralization
Ghandi = envisioned village life
Nehru = European-style indsutralization
241
what movement did Ghandi start
boycot British goods
242
possessions Ghandi had when he died
eating utensils, pen, spinning wheel
243
official language of India
Hindi
244
China proper
Western term used to refer to the core regions of China, usually SE
245
Pinyin
"Spell sounds"
1956
25 letters similar to US alphabet but no V
allows scientific words to be translated into Chinese
why Peking became Beijing
246
problem with the Chinese writing system
complex with many letters so only teh rich could learn it
247
longest dynasty of China
Zhou (joh)
1122-256 bc
248
yr of Confucious
550 bc
witnessed the breakdown of feudal China
"to govern is to set things right"
249
Han dysnsaty
202 bc - 220 AD
made China an empire. traded we/europe
250
Golden Age in China
618-906 AD
under Tan dynasty
governmetn exam leading to civil cervice
251
Chinese dynasty that had the Golden Age
Tang dynasty of
202 bc to 220 AD
252
hx Great Wall
Shi Huangdi 214 BC
253
ancient Chinese boats
junks
254
1,000 mile feature in China
Grand Canal
255
led the Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China
Qing dynasty
255
Qing dynasty
Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China that lasted 1636-1912
largest and most populist empire at the time. ruled over a multiethnic territory
256
Long March
he Long March was a military retreat by the Chinese Red Army
It took place during the Chinese Civil War from 1934 to 1936.
The communists retreated from advancing Nationalist forces.
The retreat covered 6,000 miles and lasted 370 days.
Only 8,000 out of 100,000 people survived.
It played a key role in the development of communism in China.
257
2 examples of military marches in history
Long March: Chinese civil war 1934-36. key role in developing communism in China
Bataan Death March: Japanese transferred 75K Philippino/US soldiers onteh Baatan penninsula POW.
258
aftermath of the Baatan Death March
judged to be a Japanese War Frime
259
yr Chaing Kaishek fled to Taiwan
1949
260
supporters of Mao
Red Guard
261
yr of the Cultural Revolution
1966
attacked old wasy
262
aftermath of Mao's death
died 1976
1980: government said they owed a lot to Mao but he made costly mistakes
263
yr Nixon went to China
1972
264
yr US recognized China
Nixon went to China in 1972
Carter recognized them in 1978
265
what is an editorial
someone's opinion
266
plain in Tokyo
Kanto Plain
267
Jomon art
14,000-300 bc
- cord marked pottery, tools, clay figures, couiled rope
268
alternative religion in Japan
Shinto = way of the gods
spirt kami in nature
269
first novel
tale fo Genji
270
generals of imperial Japan
Shogun
271
shogunate in japan
Kamakura shogunate ended 1333
272
divine wind in Japan
Kamakazi 1274 when mongols treid to invade btu failed
273
Samauri way of the warrior
bushiodo samuri code of behavior
274
sweet cakes in Japan
kashi
275
woven straw mat in Japan
tatami
276
thick versus thin tea in japn
koicha - koh ee chah = thick tea
usucha -oos uh chi
277
american who opened up US trade with Japan
Perry in 1852. sailed into Tokyo bay and returned next year and returned next year with big army
278
former name of Tokyo
1868 Edo
279
cities in japan
yokohama
osaka
nagoya
280
wooden sandles you wear ith a kimono
geta
281
types of japanese martial arts
aikido
judo
kendo
karate
jujitsu
sumjo
282
winds that mostly blow in one direction
prevailing winds
283
west to east winds at the middle lattitudes
westerlies
284
japanese current that flows north and has a warming effect
Kuroshio (koor oh SHEE zuh)
285
colder NE Japanese current off the NE coast
Kamchatka current
(warmer one is Kuroshio)_
286
use speech to sway crowd
demogogue
287
Sparta versus Athens
Pelononesian War
- Sparta's defeat of Athens in this war destroyed the balance of the greek world
288
year of Socrates trial
399 bc
289
philsophy/religion out of Athens
Stoicism is from Athens
290
year the Roman Republic controlled the entire Mediterrean
130 BC
291
year Hannibal's army defeated the Romans
216bc
Battle of Cannae
292
battle of Cannae
Hannibal defeated the Romans in 216bc
293
founding of Rome
753 BC Tiber River
294
year of the last Etruscan king
509 bc
295
how far did Alex the Great spread
Hellenistic culture went to the Indus River
- died at 32yo
296
Sophists
400 bc
- from Sicily/Asian minor
- believed all truths are relative and depends on a particular time/place
SO
no absolute truth.
believed it was useless to try to understand the nature of the universe
SO
you should just try to improve yourself/city by applying reason to everyday problems
did rhetoric/public speaking to show people how to formulate laws and think critically
297
whom did the Athenians blame their Peloponesian loss on Sparta on
Athens blamed the Sophists and took anger out on Socrates (who was not a Sophist but taught many who supported the oligarchy)
298
Socrates & Sophists
Socrates rejectist Sophist belief that knowledge and truth are the only things that matter
"the unexamined life is not worth living"
However, the athenians blamed sophists on their Peloponessian war loss and blamed Socrates
299
painted the death of Socrates
Jacque Louis David
1787
Socrates died 399bc
300
how do we know about Socrates
he left no writing so we know about his lesson through Plato
301
Plato
aristocrat.
most famous work = Q&A between 2 people
- grew up during Peloponnesian war and Socrates teaching
- rejected Sophist views
- started The Academy
- believed a true philosopher personal knowledge of het prefect Form that
- believed everything and concept could be explained perfectly as a form conceived by a divine worker/God
- believed ideal forms exist apart from observed reality
- human consists of 2 parts (soul created by God and body.
- Theory of Forms
302
Theory of Forms
by Plato
- believed everything and concept could be explained perfectly as a form conceived by a divine worker/God
- believed ideal forms exist apart from observed reality
- human consists of 2 parts (soul greated by God" and tbe body
303
The Republic
Plato
his ideal society where all woudl be placed accournding to their skills.
never put into practicer
304
The Academy
Plato
305
Aristotle
happiness can only be reached through virtue or wisdom
- virtue was achieved by keeping a balance in all areas of life "the golden mean"
306
the golden mean
desirable middle between two extremes (excess and deficiency"
_ Delphic maxim "nothing in excess"
discussed in Plato's Philebus and
- in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics book
"Aristotle view: courage is a virtue but if taken to excess, it would be manifested as recklessness. if deficient, cowardice"
307
Mediterrean bodies of water from west to east
Adriatic
Aegean
Black
Caspian
Aral
308
where are the Caucasus Mts
between the Black and Caspian Sea
309
horse of Alex the Great
Bucephalus.
Alex saw it was afraid of its own shadow so he turned it into the sun
310
Gordian's Knot
prophecy that whomever untied it would be king of all Asia. Alex cut with a sword
311
Alex the Great & Persia
331bc. Alex defeated Darius Persian.
in 324bc, mass marriage of 10K Persian women to Greek men. Alex married the daughter of Darius
312
what happened after Alex the Great died
Seleucus (suh-loo-kuhs): Asia Minor (Med to Indus River)
Ptolemy Egypt
313
Hellenistic women post Alex the Great
edu, commerce, business, more property rights BUT had to have a male guardian to oversee. BUT some queens ruled in their own right
314
Arisinoe
ahr SIN oh ee
Egypt 316 bc
- married ruler of Thrace at 15yo
went to Asia Minor with him but he was killed
she fled dressed as a maid and went to Macedonia. married King of Thrace/Maccedonia but kin had her 2 sons killed in her arms. so she and eldest son fled to egypt.
she married Ptolemy II in 277bc . he enjoyed himelf but she had the real power
315
Greek sculptor who did beauty of the female form
Praxiteles
prak SIT uhl uhs
316
Medea
daughter of the king
Jason came to Colchis to steal the Golden Fleece
317
Menander
Greek dramatist
best known representative of Athenian New Comedy
Dyskolos is one of his 108 known comedies
318
Dyskolos
one of the best known representatives of Athenian New Comedy penned by Meander
319
wrote Don Juan
Moliere
320
wrote The Misanthrope
aka The Cantankerous Lover
Moliere
321
wrote Tartuffe
Moliere
322
plays by Moliere
The Misanthrope: the Cantankerous Lover
Don Juan
Tartuffe
323
7 Wonders of the Ancient World
Colossus of Rhodes,
Lighthouse of Alexandria,
Hanging Gardens,
Great Pyramids of Giza,
Temple of Zeus in Olympia
Temple of Artemis in Turkey
Mausoleum of Halicarnassus in Turkey
324
4 philsophies of Hellenistic culture
Cynicism,
Skepticism,
Epicureanism,
Stocism
325
Cynicism
founded by Diogenes (dy AHJ uh neez)
- belief that humans should live according to nature
- happiness was for each individual to fulfill their own natural needs
326
Skepticism
conviction that knowledge wa impossible and belief is merely opinions
- developed in Athens by Pyrrho (pir-oh_
- happiness is the idea that one could never know how things really are.
and to live "with ever a smile and and give piece of mind
327
Epicureanism
withdraw from public life to achieve happiness
328
Achaemenid Empire
first Persian Empire
- Iran empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 bc
- recognized for its imposition of a successful model of centralized bureaucratic administration, multicultural policy, building complex infrastructure such as roads/organized postal system, use of official language across its territories, development of civil services including a professional army
329
aka Macabee dynasties
Hasmonean
330
"give mea a place to stand and I can move the Earth"
Archamedes and the screw
- he was from Syracues
331
static scene of actors posed silently in costume with sets/costumes
tableux
332
mystery plays
aka miracle plays
- plays in medieval Europe that represented Bible stories.
name "mystery" used in teh sense of miracles
333
greek who did Geometry
Euclid 300sbc
"Elements"
334
"Elements"
Euclid
300sbc
335
developed the first heliocentric model
Aristarchus (ar uh STAHR kuhs)
336
calculated an accurate Earth circumference
Eratosthenes (eruh THAS thub neez)
337
Greek who said the brain was the center of the nervous system
Herophilus (huh RAF uh luhs)
338
yr of Rome foundign
Romelus/Remus
753bc
Tiber River
339
Roman army unit
legion
340
land versus sea powers during the height of Greek power
Carthage - sea
Rome - land
341
between Sicilly and the tip of Italy's boot
Strait of Messina
342
Rome versus Carthage
Punic War
264 bc
343
Strait of Messina
between Sicily and the tip of Italy's boot
344
ancient France
Gaul
345
between Span and France
Pyrannes
346
geography in the middle of Italy
Appenes
347
where is Byzantine
Black Sea & Aegean
348
geography of Sparta
separate island from Athens
349
Battle of Cannae
KAN-ee
216 bc
Punic war. Hannibal's troops killed 50K Romans but the Romans refused to surrender
350
attacked Carthage
Scipio attacked Carthage so Hannibal had to withdraw from Italy to return to defend his city - 202 bc
351
"Carthage must be destroyed"
140 bc
sowed grounds with salt as a symbol
352
ship versus spacecraft
time to circumnavigate
Magellan = 3yrs
Explorer I = 114.7 min
353
layers of the Earth
inner/outer core (solid/melted Nickle and iron)
mantle,
crust
354
land surrounded by mostly higher land
basin
355
bay
area of ocean surrounded by land
356
cape
land that extends into the bay by water
357
canyon
narrow valley with steep sides
358
delta
land formed by silt buildup at the river mouth
359
divide
high ridge of land between areas with different land basins
360
fall line
where water decreases at a waterfall
361
fjord
narrow inlet of sea between high steep cliffes
362
mesa
high flat topped land with steep sides
363
reservoir
364
aka lines of latitude
meridians
365
longitude through Greenwich
Prime Meridian
366
first day of Spring
march 2 or 21
367
first day of summer
June 20-21
368
first day of Fall
Sep 22-23
369
first day of Winter
Dec 21-22
370
geography in the middle of Italy
Appenes Mt
371
year of the Iron Age
1100 bc
372
yr the Suez canal opened
1869
373
north - cancer
south - capricorm
374
yr of the Irarael and Egpytian peace treaty
1979
375
Middle East north to south
TSLIJ
turkey
syria
lebanon
isreal
jordan
376
% of land in the Middle East that is suitable for farming
7%
377
"the land between 2 rivers"
Mesopotanmia
378
clay pots and nomads
clay pots were usless to nomads b/c they broke too easily
379
lived in ancient Iraq
Sumerians
380
Jericho
8000 bc
North Dead SeaA
- trtade, wate.
thick wall 20 ft high/6ft wide
381
first empire buldr
Sargon the Great
2300nc
382
first battle rams
Assyrians
383
first chariots
Assyrians
384
ancient writing
Sumerians had cuniform
385
yr the Babylonians were conquored by the Persians
539bc
386
capital of Menes
Memphis in 3100bc
387
united upper/lower Egypt
Menes 3100 bc
Memphis
388
capital of Menes
Memphis in 3100bc
389
anchitect of the first pyramid
Imhotep
2700 bc
390
Hykosos
HIK sahs
ended Egyptian middle kingdom
391
where were New Kingdom pharoahs burried
protected places. not pyramids
392
son of Nefertitti
Amenhotep IV
ordered all to worship only the one one God Aton.
Tut got them polytheistic against
393
Amenhotep IV
son of Nefertiti
ordered all to worship only the one God Aton
King Tut at 8 yo restored multigod worship
394
Rameses II
made peace with the Hittites
395
King Solomon
960 bc
King David's kid
married daughter of the Pharaoh
used sealth to build temple in JErusalme
396
destroyed the ancient state of Israel
587 bc by the Babylonians
397
stone in Mecca
Kaa ba
398
yr Muhammad was born
570 ad
399
5 pillars of Islam
belief in one god,
pray x5/day,
alms for poor,
fast during Ramadan,
visit Mecca once in life
400
arab nomads
Bedouins
lived at Osiases and led by Shieks
401
cloth that originated from Islam
Damask = from Damascus
muslim = from Mosol
402
galabeya (gaal uh bee uh).
loose fitting traditional garment
men from Nile valley
403
fellahin
native villagers and farmers
404
yr of Nassar
1953: Gamal Abdel Nasser
(juh mahl uhb DUHL NAH sur
405
yr the Egyptian President was assassinated
1953: Gamal Abdel Nasser
(juh mahl uhb DUHL NAH sur
406
yr of the Egypt dam
1968: Aswan Dam. created a 300 mile long lake
- can generate electricity. replaced outdated irrigation and controlle floods
BUT
doesnt' let river crry as much soil as befoer so land not as fertile.
407
assassination of the Egyptian President
1981: Prez Anwar Sada1981: Prez Anwar Sadat assassinated.
Hosini Mubarak (HASS nee muh AHR ak)
408
Sabras
Jews born in Israel.
now out of prickly but sweet center caucus
409
Israel collective farm
moshavim (moh shuh veem)
410
female PM of Isrel
Golda Meir
= school teacher of Miladuke, Wisconson
411
last standing part of Solomon's Temple
wailing wall
412
Church of the Holy Selpuchar
resuccrection of Jesus/tomb
413
role of OPEC
1960: set prices for oil and control production
- Iran, Venezula, Saudi, Kuwait, Iraq
414
Camp David Accord
1979L Sadat, Carter, Begin of Israel
ended Egypt/israel war
415
murdered at Berlin Olympics
1972: 11 Israeli athletes
by PLO who were in opposition to Israel
416
Iran & women's right to vote
Iran gave women the right to vote in 1963
417
Iran in 1979
Ayatollah Khomeini led the revolution to force the Shah out.
implemented Shariah law
418
estuary in the Middle East
Shatt al Arab esuary
- Iran/IRaw war post Iranian Rev.
- border of each nation was supposed to go through the center but each wanted to control the estuary
- Khomei didn't think Prez Saadam Hussein of Irq was a true muslim. Sadaam welcomed modern technology while Ayatollah was old school
419
first mission to Jupiter
Pioneer 10
1972
420
sea between Sweden & mainland
Baltic Sea
421
sea between Scandinavia & Russia
Barrets
422
sea between US and Norway
North Sea
423
directly south of Norway
Denmark
424
border between Europe & Asia
Ural Mts
425
when did Homer do his epics?
800bc
426
city state of Athens
Attica
427
ran the first Marathon
Pheidippides ran 26.2 miles to report defeat
428
Xerxes
480bc
watched his defeat at Salamis.
beheaded captains when they swam ashore
429
Greek who believed all things were made of atoms
Democritus
died 370bc
430
topic Herodotus wrote about
Persian war
431
known for Greek tragedies
Sophocles
432
topic of Aristophanes
Greek Comedy
Athenian Peloponnesian War
433
"know thyself"
Socrates
434
location of Sicilly
less than 100 miles from North Africa
435
Praetors
16
Roman Gov
head of Senate/Assembly
436
Censurs
2
Roman Gov
supervises citizens, sets taxes
437
Counsolors
2
Roman Gov
supreme gov, head of gov & commander in chief
elected every year
becomes Senator at end of term
438
treasures in Roman Government
8
Quaestors
1 yr term
439
Tribunes
10
Roman gov
1yr
guards right of plebeians
can veto senators
440
how many Senators in governmetn
500
441
commoners and nobles in Rome
plebians
particians
442
Twelve Tables
450bc
first Roman code of laws as created
written on bronze tablets and posted in the Roman Square
443
downfall of Caesar
49bc: Senate, who supported Pompey, ordered Caesar to return to Rome. brought army w/him so he wouldn't be killed. Pompey fled
44bc: Caesar assassinated with 23 daggers
444
yr of the death & successor of Caesar
44bc = assassination
27bc: Octavian the grandnephew
445
Roman writer
Cicero
446
inspirator for ancient Roman art
Greek
- greek = beauty and perfection
- roman = as things really are
447
concrete
sand/gravel bound by cement
448
wrote about the founding of Rome
Virgil via the Aeneid
449
baths of Rome
Baths of Caricalla
(kahr-uh-KAL-uh)
450
what did the Roman emperors believe would make their people peaceful and content
bread and circuses
- circus Maximus/Colosseum
451
5 germanic tribes
Visigoths - Iberian
Vandals - N. Africa
Ostrogoths (AH truh gahts) and Balkans
- Saxons - England
franks -Gaul/W. Germany
452
leaders of the barbarians
Cheftains
ruled land they could defend
453
Charlemagne
close ties with pope
King of France in 758
Pope Leo 3 crowned him Holy Roman Emperor
454
reign of Augustus Caesar
41yr emperor of Rome
only held offices that existed before prior but held them year after year
Augustus - respected one
Golden Age of Rome - 27bc-14AD
"I found Rome brick and left it marble"
455
"I found Rome brick and left it marble"
Augustus Caesar
456
emperor when the Roman Empire was at its largest
Trajan
117 AD
457
famous art of Byzantine
mosaics
458
Constantine
312AD: Emperor became a Christian
Christianity became a state religion in Rome
459
Constantinople
official capital of the Roman Empire
330 AD
460
Cheftain whose tribe took over the roman empire
476 AD: Odoacer (oh doh AY gun)
461
end of the byzantine empire
1453
462
main square and courtyard in Rome
foreum
atrium
463
aka Latin-esque languages
Romance languages: latin, french, italian, spanish
464
Justian Code
530 AD
465
year range of crusades
8 major crusades between 1095-1291
captured Jerusalem in 1099 and held until 1187
466
feudalism yrs
middle ages system of loyalty and protection
800 - 1300 AD
467
homes, land and the people who worked it in the feudal system
manors and estates
fiefs
serfs
468
steps to become a knight
Page - 6yo
Squire - 15yo
Knight- 21
469
promise made by knights
knights promised to defend the Christian church and chivalry
470
armored knights
heavy, slow, expensive, easy to defeat
- only rich coudl afford
- fell out of favor by 1400
471
gives rights to something
charter
472
location of famous cities in Spain
center = Madrid
center but south of Madrid: Toledo
South but not south coast = Cordoba an Seville
western coast = Valencia
south
gibralter
473
consider: "Did a historical person/group live before/during/after a major technological/scientific/social advanced?
- follow up if yes...did they have awareness of it?
keep in mind what people at that time did/did not know,
474
purpose of multicultural perspectives
broaden your understanding of cultures while deepening your appreciation of the variety of beliefs and traaditions
475
Abbasaids versus Umayyad government choices
Abbasaids relied on Persian influence of government,
Umayyads followd Arab
476
Skills taught by history...
us hx imagination (what tech/science did/didn't influece a person,
multicular perspectives and recognize pov,
compare and contrast,
fact versus opinions,
identify and recognize values,
hypothesizing,
analyzing,
identify cause & effect,
assess consequences,
problem solve,
evaluate,
synthesise,
take a stand
477
demographics after the Black Plague
population decreases + new farming techniques = surplus of agriculture
- led to decrease prices of goods, higher standards of living, and increased demand for trade goods
478
consequences of post WWI reparations on Germany
economic instability caused the Germans to look to a leader to restore Germany to power and prosperity
479
fate of Germany after WWI
reparations led to economic instability caused the Germans to look to a leader to restore Germany to power and prosperity
480
health concern in the 1300s
Black Death spread via trade routes
481
what factors make history a POV
shaped by age, gender, religion, race, economics
482
values versus opinions held
values are held more deeply than opinions
483
whom did Gaileo go up against
Roman Catholic Church
484
what do Hindus believe
fulfilling moral duty and each person will encounter consequences for actions
485
when did Europe reach their natural limit for expansion
1200s
- cultivated more land and most usuable land was in operation by 1300s
- pushed beyond capacity, land lost fertility, and food production leveled off so farmers couldn't feed their population
486
Russia in WWI
poor, hungry, and government mistrust = overthrew Czar
487
what should you do when reading quotes
look for subjective words and descriptions
488
how to read a timeline
1. determine its framework (yrs covered/interval) in which time is divided
2. study sequence of events/time in-between events
3. look for missing information
4. note relationships early/later and as effects
489
Japan in 1941
Japan invaded Indochina,
US did a gas embargo on Jap,
Pearl Hearbor
490
years of the Pax Romana
27 BC - 180 AD
491
years of Augustus
27 BC - 14 AD
492
emperor of Rome in during the BC - AD transition
Augustus Ceasar (27 BC - 14 AD)
493
Roman emperiors between 14 - 68 AD
(PAX Romana after the initial Augustus Ceasar era)
Tiberus 14 -37 AD
Caligula 37 - 41
Claudius 41-54
Nero 54-68
494
years of Emperior TIberus
14 - 37 AD
(Pax Romana. After Augustus Ceasar.)
followed by Caligula
495
years of Emperor Caligula
37 - 41 AD
after Tiberus
before Cladius
third emperor of thePax Romana
496
year of Emperor Claudius
41 - 54 AD
before Emperor Nero
497
years of Emperor Nero
54 - 68 AD
498
years of Emperor Trajan
98 - 117 AD
499
years of Emperior Hadrian
117 - 138 AD
500
river that runs through Seoul
near the mouth of the Han River
(Seoul is NW)
501
between Spain & France
Pyrennese
502
where is Corsica
north of Sardinia,
west of Italy
502
sea between Italy & Greece
Adriatic
503
soccar ball kicked by Italy
Sicilly
504
where is Constantinople
entrance to the Baltic Sea
505
city at the entrance of the Baltic Sea
Constanople
506
mountains NW of the Black Sea
Carpathian
507
Carpathian Mountains
mountains NW of the Black Sea
508
mountains east of the Black Sea
Caucaus Mts
509
mountains east of the Black Sea
Caucus
510
where are the Salvs
North/northwest of the Black sea
511
Jutes
danish
512
between England and France
English Channel
513
time 2,500,000 BC
Paleolithic Age
514
culture in China from 5000 - 3000 BC
Yangshao culture
515
yr Sumerian city-states
3500 bc
516
yr Menes united upper and lower Egypt
32oo bc
517
yr of the Cheops pyramid
2600 BC
518
yr of the Harappan civilization
2300 bc
519
Mesoamerican culture
Olmecs 1500 bc
520
how long have written texts existed
for approximately 5,000 years
521
old skeleton found in Africa
3 million year old Lucy
Ethiopia
Australopithecus
(Leaky found an older skeleton...3.7 M in Tanzania in 1978
522
radiocarbon dating
Carbon-14
- decays and gtives off radioactivity
- can date up to 50K years ago
523
year of homo sapients
200,000 'Thinking Man"
524
earliest N. American humans
40,000 bc
525
early modern humans
Neanderthals (first) then Cromagnon
526
years of the Paleolithic era
2.5 million- 12,000K years ago
527
years of the Mesolithic area
12-10K years ago
528
years of the Neolithic era
10-8K years ago
529
domestication
purposeful adaption fo animals and plans
530
domestication of animals
pastroralism
531
ancient Turkey city
Catal Huyuk (hoo-yoohk)
had 3K residents 8500 years ago
532
first civilization
Fertile Crescent
Tigris/Euophrates
Iraq
Mesopotamia "land between 2 rivers"
533
epic poem of Mesopotamia
Epic of Gilgamesth
King of Uruk
half human/god
traveled to the Land of hte dead to discivery the mysteeries of life/death.
told all must die so live life first
534
Epic of Gilgamesh
Mesopotamia
King of Uruk
half human/god
traveled to the land of hte dead to discover the mysteries of life/death
told all must die so live firest
535
epic who traveled to the Land of the Dead
Epic of Gilgamesh
Mesopotamia
536
message of the Epic of Gilgamesh
all must die so live first
(he traveled to the land of the dead)
537
early leaders of city states
priests
538
ancient cities of the Euphrates River
Ur and Uruk
539
who had zigurrats
Sumerians
polytheistic
540
ancient writing of the Fertile Crescent
Sumerians did cuniform
well established by 2400s BC
541
when did Nile farming start
1200 BC
542
beliefs of the Sumerians
spirits and natural forces that govern everything.
needed them to control rivers/farming so the priests ruled in teh name of the gods
polytheistic
543
age of Sphinx
4500yrs old
544
government state devided into specialties
burecracy
545
pyramid architect
Imhotep
546
pronounce loess
les
547
river civilization in Pakistan
Indus River Valley
- souce in Himalayas but flooded with monsoons
- popel there by 300s bc but civilization silater
548
where were the Indus River civilizations
Pakistan. source of the river is the Himalayas. also subjected to monsoons
- Mohenjo Daro
Harappa (maybe ended by a floor or earthquake?)
549
anciety citiy-state of China
Huange He (Yellow River)
- Yangshao & Longshan cultures
550
ancient city-states of Tigris/Euphrates
Mesopotamia, Sumer, Ur
551
4 rivers that led to ancient city-states
Tigris/Euphrates = Mesopotamia, Sumer, Ur
Nile
Indus River = Harappan & Mohenjo Daro
Huang He - Yangshao, Longshan
552
what does the Persian Gulf lead into
Arabian Sea
553
when did the last Ice Age end
7000 BC
554
when was maize first grown in teh Americas
as early as 6600 BC
555
first civilization in the Americas
Olmec 1500 bc.
Veracruz, Mexico
556
who made big basalt heads
Olmec
557
first empire builder
Sargon I seized c ontrol of Sumer in 2330 BC
558
Hammarabi
King of Babylon
1792 BC
559
migration of the Indo-Aryans
Indo-Aryans migrated into India in 1750 BC
560
Moses as a guide
Moses led the Hebrews from Egypt to Palestine in 1200 BC
561
Zhou dynasty
1122 bc
562
when were the hymns of the Rig Veda colelcted
1000 bc
563
when did the Assyrians conquor Israwl
722 BC
564
nomands attacking Mesopotamia
by 2300, nomads began to attack Mesopotamia to get benefits of civilization
- pattern emerged of invading, seizing control, andbuildign empire
- fall to new invaders
565
Sargon I
from Sumerian city of Kish but left Kish to start own city of Akkad
- first emperor builder
- conquered Sumer
- empire lasted 100 years undil invaders from Zargos Mts
BUT the empire did set the standard for future empires
566
city of Ur
centralized gov/economy.
kings couldn't keep the empire unified
ur fell in 2000 bc
567
babylon
1800 bc
Euphrates
Amorite King Hamaurabi in 1792 BC
code, contracts, divorce, "eye for an eye
568
Indo-Europeans
from north of the Black Sea,
first to domesticate hroses so good at reaiding
strong warriors. develotped the 2 wheeled war chariot and compound bow
569
Hittites
SW Asia Minor,
offshoot of the Indo-Europeans so they had horses, charriots, and compound bows
BUT
first to use iron weapons on a large scale (others had bronze) and used iron plows so they were also famers
570
first to domesticate horses
Indo-Europeans
571
developed the two wheeled war charot
Indo-Europeans
572
developed the compound bow
Indo-Europeans
573
developed iron weapons
Hittites
574
which ancient civilization overthrow the Egyptians
Hyksos over thrw Egyptians in 1650 bc
- fragile rule, had to adopt traditional Etypt pharous status
- only ruled in the north. never full egypt
- middle egypt were princes who paid tribute dto the Hyksos and u pper egyppt was Nubian princes
= Ahmose drove out the Hyksos from Egypt in 1570 BC
575
what did the Hyksos do after they conquered Egypt
adopted Egypt way of life. they were never fully accepted and were driven out by Ahmose in 1570b bc
576
new Kingdom of Egypt
1300 BC
- wanted to avoid another outside invasion ( like the Hyksos)
577
female Egyptian rule who led for her son
Hatshepsut married Thutmos II and ruled for son Thutmos III wuntil he was an adult
- peace/properity
- after her death, he had her image removed and his father's put back up
578
Amenhotep IV
1380 bc
- countered priests. removed Amon Re.
King Tut restored
579
King Tut
restored all gods after his predecessor Amenhotep IV removed them.
he was young and the priests had been mad the gods had been removed
580
Ramases
1288 battled Hittites
581
Kingdoom of Kush
1800 bc
Numban dynasty. conquored etypt
582
Crete culture
Minoian 2000bc
Knossos (nahs-uhs)
earthquake fault line so rebuilt a lot
known for frescos
583
frescos
painted directly onto plaster walls
584
Minoans
sea trade
women = male status
bull fighting
culture declined by 1400 bc
585
Mycenaeans
early Greeks
attacked Troy in Asia Minor
586
civilization that attacked Troy
Myceanans
early greeks
587
Dorians
Indo-Europeans who came to greece. didn't build a city but they did pastoral
588
yr the PHilistines settled in Caanan
1100 bc
589
where did Moses lead his peopel
out of Etypt and into Siani desert in Exodus (Passover) in search of land in 1200 BC
590
established the Kingdom of Israel
Sault
591
who ruled from the capital in Jerusalem
David and Solomon.
Saul establishe dthe Kingdom of Israel
592
who made Jerusalem rich
Solomomn
593
Torah
5 books of Moses Teaching
- first 5 books of the Bible
but also 39 others
594
Assyrians
conquered Kingdom of Israel
0- Semetic speaking from No. Mesopotamia/Tiergris and adopted the SUmerian civilization
- co
595
deported Israelis
724 bc
- Assyrians. conquered Israel and deported the 10 Lost Tribes of Israel (Diapora)
596
what happened to Israelites when they were overthrown by the Assyrians
they lost their identity (lost tribes)
597
Nebuchadnezzar5
587 bc
Chaldean king
conquored Judah, destrooyed Jerusalam and Solomon's gerat temple
- deported Judah's entire population to Babylon (Babylonian captivity)
but the Jews kept their identity, religion, and spare identity
598
OVERTHROW THE cHALDEANS
Nebuchadnezzar. the poeple who did the Babylonian captivity
- Persioan overthrwot he Chaldeans in 539 BC
599
Rig-Vedas
"Versus of Knowledge"
=- compiled in 1000 bc but not written down until 1300 AD
- thousands of ancient hymns
600
oldest remaining Indo-Aryans language
Sanskirt
601
sanskirt
Indo-Aryans
602
classes in India
Varnas = classes
Kshatriyas = highest warrior class
Brahmans = priests
Vaisyas = merchant/trader/farmer
Sudras = artisans/servants (could not study or hear the sacred Vedas)
603
river of the Indo-Aryans
Ganges river
- Rice culture
- Raja king
604
first verifiable historical dynasty of China
Shang
- fell t the Zhou (joh) in 1122 bc
- said it was the "mandate of heaven" that the3 gods said the Zhou should rule
605
Zhou Dynasty
(joh)
second verified dynasty of China
Notebooks
flashcards
Decks in class (13)
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