HIV

Question 0

HIV

-Virions

Answer 0

1. Virus able to grow and reproduce outside a host

Question 1

Seroconversion

-Time Frame

Answer 1

1. Virus shows up in the blood between 6 weeks and 6 months after exposure
2. Tell Pt to come back 6 months from time of exposure to be tested

Question 2

HIV

-Helper T Cells

Answer 2

1. Play a vital role in normal function of the immune system
2. Recognize foreign antigens and infected cells
3. Activate antibody-producing B cells

Question 3

HIV

-Stats

Answer 3

1. 6th Leading cause of death

2. 80% of AIDS is acquired through high risk behavior

Question 4

HIV

-Risk Factors

Answer 4

1. Alcohol (lowers inhibition & increases risky behavior)
2. Sharing needles
3. Poverty
4. Health Care as an occupation
5. Pregnancy (if you deliver) & Breastfeeding

Question 5

HIV

-Myths & Misconceptions

Answer 5

1. HIV contracted by:
   - Touching, hugging, kissing, mosquitoes, breathing same air
2. HIV is only spread through contact w/ blood and body fluids

Question 6

HIV

-Primary S/S

Answer 6

2. Feter, Sore throat, rash, n/v/abd cramping malaise, lymphadenopathy
   - Usually occurs 2-4 weeks after contact

Question 7

Multiple Yeast Infections

-Look for

Answer 7

1. HIV or Diabetes

Question 8

HIV

-Progression to AIDS S/S

Answer 8

1. General malaise, fever, fatigue, night sweats, involuntary weight loss
2. Diarrhea, oral lesions, hairy leukoplakia, candidiasis

Question 9

HIV

-CD4 Count <500

Answer 9

1. Immunodeficiency begins to show up

2. Start prophylactic treatment

Question 10

HIV

-CD4 count <350

Answer 10

Opportunistic infections & Cancers

1. Herpes
2. Oral thrush
3. TB
4. Carposii sarcoma
5. Non-hodgkin lymphoma

Question 11

HIV

-CD4 Count <200

Answer 11

1. Esophageal Candidiasis
   - Trouble Swallowing
   - Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than body requirements
2. Pneumocystic Carinii Pneumonia (PCP)

Question 12

HIV

-CD4 Count <100

Answer 12

1. AIDS Dementia
   - Worsening and slowing of mental function
2. Cryptosporidium Diarrhea
3. Toxoplasmosis & Wasting syndrome
4. Mycobacterium avium complex when CD4 <50 = death

Question 13

HIV

-Rash Indications

Answer 13

1. Kaposii Sarcoma lesions are an indications of AIDS

Question 14

HIV

-Goals

Answer 14

1. Prevention
2. Early detection
3. Health Maintenance
4. Treatment of disease
5. Emotional Support

Question 15

HIV

-Diagnostic Testing

Answer 15

1. Start with ELISA
   - Can have false positives in high HIV population areas
2. Western Blot Antibody Testing (99% accuracy)
3. HIV viral load
4. CBC & CD4 cell counts

Question 16

HIV

-Nursing Process

Answer 16

1. Education

- Use IUD as birth control & latex condoms

Question 17

HIV Nursing Process

-Health Hx

Answer 17

1. Risk factors (Unprotected sex multiple partners, Needle sharing)
2. Infections ( STD, Hepatitis, TB)
3. Foreign travels
4. Drug use

Question 18

HIV Nursing Process

-Assessments

Answer 18

1. Nutritional status
2. LOC & Mental status
3. Candida infections
4. lymph node enlargement
5. Delays in motor or intellectual functioning (encephalopathies)

Question 19

HIV Nursing Process

-Nursing Diagnosis

Answer 19

1. Ineffective Coping
2. Imbalanced Nutrition: less than body requirements
3. Risk or infection
4. Fear
5. Anxiety
6. Deficient Knowledge

Question 20

HIV Nursing Process

-Prevention

Answer 20

1. There is no immunization to protect against HIV

2. Education, Couseling, & Behavior modification are the main tools for Prevention

Question 21

HIV Nursing Process

-Totally Safe Sex Practices

Answer 21

1. No Sex
2. Long-term, mutually monogamous sexual relations between two uninfected people
3. Mutual masturbation w/out direct contact

Question 22

HIV Nursing Process

-Most Difficult High-risk group to Reach?

Answer 22

1. Injection Drug users are the most difficult group to reach
2. Programs created that give IV drug users:
   - 1:10 ration of bleach to water to clean needles before sharing

Question 23

HIV Nursing Process

-Address Ineffective Coping

Answer 23

1. Clients w/ HIV usually experience guilt about how disease was contracted
2. Assess social support network & usual methods of coping

Question 24

HIV Nursing Process | -Managing Imbalanced Nutrition

Answer 24

1. Wasting syndrome Manifestations include: - Severe diarrhea, fever, chronic fatigue and weakness - Weight loss greater than 10-15% of baseline weight