HIV

Question 1

Respiratory AIDS defining illnesses

Answer 1

• TB

- Pneumocystis pneumonia

Question 2

Neuro AIDS defining illnesses

Answer 2

• Toxoplasmosis
• Primary cerebral lymphoma
• Cryptococcal meningitis
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Question 3

Derm AIDS defining illnesses

Answer 3

Karposi’s sarcoma

Question 4

Cancer AIDS defining illnesses

Answer 4

• Karposi’s sarcoma
• Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
• Cervical cancer

Question 5

Opthamology AIDS defining illnesses

Answer 5

CMV retinitis

Question 6

ENT conditions that might suggest (but not define) AIDS

Answer 6

• lymphadenopathy (unknown cause)
• chronic parotitis
• lymphoepithelial parotid cysts

Question 7

Gynae conditions that might suggest (but not define) AIDS

Answer 7

• vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia

- cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (Grade 2 or higher)

Question 8

GI conditions that might suggest (but not define) AIDS

Answer 8

• oral thrush
• oral hairy leukoplakia
• Hep B or C
• salmonella, shigella, campylobacter
• Chronic diarrhoea/ unintended weight loss

Question 9

Respi conditions that might suggest (but not define) AIDS

Answer 9

• bacterial pneumonia

- aspergillosus

Question 10

Derm conditions that might suggest (but not define) AIDS

Answer 10

• seborrhoice dermatitis (recurrent)
• psoriasis (recurrent)
• HZV infection (recurrent)

Question 11

Which virus causes Karposi’s sarcoma

Answer 11

Herpes human virus 8

Question 12

Symptoms of seroconversion (primary HIV infection)

Answer 12

• Fever
• Lymphadenopathy
• Rash
• Pharyngitis

Question 13

3 types of drugs given in HAART

Answer 13

2 NRTIs + 1 other agent

NRTI = NucleoSide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Question 14

3 Types of reverse-transcriptase inhibitors

Answer 14

• Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)
• Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
• Nucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NtRTIs)

Question 15

3 main viral enzymes that HIV drugs can work on

Answer 15

1. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
2. Protease inhibitors
3. Integrase inhibitors

Question 16

3 main viral enzymes that HIV drugs can work on

Answer 16

1. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
2. Protease inhibitors
3. Integrase inhibitors

Other: anti-CD4 drug attaches to bit of virus to prevent it attaching to cell

Question 17

Which receptors allow HIV to enter the cell

Answer 17

• CD4 receptor

- Chemokine co-receptor

Question 18

Molecular makeup of an HIV virus

Answer 18

double stranded RNA

Question 19

When is HIV screening routine

Answer 19

• blood donors
• dialysis patients
• organ donors and receipients

Question 20

HIV screening should be offered to those diagnosed with the following 4 conditions

Answer 20

1. TB
2. Hep B
3. Hep C
4. Lymphoma

Question 21

When should HIV be screened for in general medical admissions

Answer 21

If prevalence in local population exceeds 2 in 1000 people