HIV

Question 1

What are the seven stages of the HIV life cycle?

Answer 1

1. Binding: attachment of virus to CD4 cells
2. Fusion
3. Reverse transcription: viral RT is used to convert viral RNA into DNA to allow for inclusion into host DNA
4. Integration: viral integrase is used to insert viral DNA into host DNA
5. Replication: virus uses host machinery to make viral proteins
6. assembly: non-infectious , viral proteins migrate towards surface of the cell to assemble
7. budding: protease enzyme cleaves the HIV and releases a mature infectious virus

Question 2

What is MOA of NRTI?

Answer 2

block reverse transcriptase

Question 3

What is MOA of NNRTI?

Answer 3

bind and later alter Reverse Transcriptase

Question 4

What is MOA of PI?

Answer 4

blocks protease so the HIV wont mature and get released

Question 5

What is MOA of FI?

Answer 5

fusion inhibitors block the entry of HIV into CD4 cells

Question 6

What is MOA of CCR5-I?

Answer 6

CCR5 inhibitors block the CD4 CCR5 co receptors that allows HIV to enter the cell

Question 7

What is MOA of integrase inhbitors/INSTI?

Answer 7

integrase inhibitors block integrase an HIV enzyme that is needed to integrate viral DNA into host DNA

Question 8

What is MOA of post attachment receptors?

Answer 8

block CD4 cell receptors that HIV needs to enter a cell

Question 9

What is MOA of pharmacokinetic enhancers?

Answer 9

this medication work by increasing the efficacy of a

HIV drug medication in certain regimen?

Question 10

Name a few barriers to HIV med adherence (7)?

Answer 10

• poor patient clinician relationship
• lack of understanding HIV disease
• no family support
• denial
• poor social situation
• complicated dosing regimen
• medication side effect

Question 11

What is the hallmark of untreated HIV infection?

Answer 11

-depletion of CD4 T-lymphocyte cells

Question 12

What are the 2 goals of ART?

Answer 12

• suppress viral replication

- increase CD4 cell count

Question 13

Abacovir? Emtricitabine? Tenofovir?

Answer 13

NRTI

Question 14

Doravirine? Efavirenz?Rilpivirine?

Answer 14

NNRTI

Question 15

Atazanavir? Ritonavir?

Answer 15

PI

Question 16

Enfuvirtide?

Answer 16

FI

Question 17

Maraviroc?

Answer 17

CCR5 antagonist

Question 18

Imalizumab-uyik

Answer 18

post attachment inhibitor

Question 19

Dolutegravir?Elivetgravir?

Answer 19

INSTI’s

Question 20

What is the recommendation for initial treatment of HIV

Answer 20

3 active anti-viral from 2 different classes

Question 21

What is first tx regimen for people with HIV

Answer 21

INSTI + 2 NRTI
or
INSTI + 1 NRTI

Question 22

What are ADE of antiviral in the short term?

Answer 22

• N/V/D
• fever
• headache
• insomnia
• fatigue

Question 23

What are ADE in the long term?

Answer 23

• mental health
• nephrotoxicty
• hepatotoxicity
• insulin resistance
• hyperlipidemia

Question 24

Which INSTI should not bed used in pregnancy?

Answer 24

EVG/c-elivitigraver cobcistiat

-inadequate drug concentration in 2nd and 3rd trimester

Question 25

What is PrEP?

Answer 25

-pre-exposure prophylaxis -for high risk patient -tenofovir and emtricitabine -taken daily to lower risk -works after 7 days for receptive anal sex , 20 days for receptive vaginal sex and injection drug use -combine with condoms

Question 26

what is alternative therapy to prep?

Answer 26

tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tdf + emticitabine