human development EXAM 3

Question 1

define teratogens

Answer 1

things that a mother does that can affect the pregnancy (smoking and drinking)

Question 1

what are the stages of parental development

Answer 1

germinal 0-2, embryonic 3-8, fetal 9-birth

Question 2

how does weight grow during infancy

Answer 2

weight quadruples

Question 3

how much does the brain grow in infancy

Answer 3

75%

Question 4

what are the all the developments during childhood

Answer 4

motor, emotional, personality, cognitive, moral

Question 5

define cephalocaudal trend

Answer 5

upper half of body develops faster than the lower half (head moving down)

Question 6

define proximodistal trend

Answer 6

center of the body develops faster then the lower half (starting at the center of the body and moving out)

Question 7

define gross motor skills

Answer 7

learning how to move broader areas (moving arms moving legs)

Question 8

what are fine motor skills

Answer 8

learning how to move more precise areas (holding a pencil)

Question 9

what are the motor development benchmarks

Answer 9

sitting - 6mon, standing - 10mon, walking 12mon, running 18mon

Question 10

define attachment

Answer 10

emotional bond between infant and caregivers

Question 11

define secure attatchment

Answer 11

playful, exploration, sociable; feeling safe with someone

Question 12

define anxious attchment

Answer 12

visual checking, calling, pleading

Question 13

define avoidant contact

Answer 13

always in the area while still avoiding close contact

Question 14

define dismissing avoidant

Answer 14

maintaining distance, independent; not needing or wanting to be around them

Question 15

attachment styles are due to

Answer 15

nature vs nurture

Question 16

what is the eriksons stage theory

Answer 16

our personality is developed through the crises and transitions we have had

Question 17

what are the stages of psychosocial development

Answer 17

trust vs mistrust
autonomy vs shame
initiative vs guilt
industry vs inferiority
identity vs role confusion
intimacy vs isolation
generatively vs stagnation
integrity vs despair

Question 18

what are piagets stages of cognitive development

Answer 18

sensorimotor
pre-operational
concrete operational
formal operational

Question 19

what is the sensorimotor period

Answer 19

development of object permanence and sensory input / motor responses

Question 20

what is the pre-operational period

Answer 20

kids are using imagination and symbols but arent thinking logically yet

Question 21

define conservation

Answer 21

understanding that the physical properties of an object remain the same, even if the appearance changes

Question 22

what is the concrete operational stage

Answer 22

mental operation applied to concrete events, master conservation

Question 23

what is the formal operational period

Answer 23

adolescence, concepts, thinking abstract, solving problems

Question 24

define the delay of gratification

Answer 24

ability to postpone rewards (marshmellow project)

Question 25

who invented the delay of gratification

Answer 25

Mischel 1989

Question 26

define adolescence

Answer 26

stages between childhood and adulthood

Question 27

what did G. Stanley Hall study

Answer 27

emotional turmoil and rebelling during adolescence