human impact Flashcards

(25 cards)

1
Q

what is biodiversity

A
  • the number of species and number of individuals in each species in a specified region.
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2
Q

what are endangered species

A
  • any species at risk of extinction
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3
Q

what is extinction

A
  • no longer in existence
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4
Q

why does natural selection lead to species becoming endangered and name some species that are extinct because of this

A
  • species do not have the ability to survive the changing environment.
  • sabretooth tiger
  • wooly mammoth
  • cave bear
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5
Q

why does deforestation leas to animals becoming extinct and name some of the animals

A
  • natural habitats are destroyed, this can also contribute to climate change.
  • golden toad
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6
Q

why is habitat destruction leading to extinction and name some animals that are extinct because of this.

A
  • organisms can no longer live there, meaning they die or move which decreases biodiversity.
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7
Q

why are loss of hedgerows contributing to extinction and name some animals that are extinct because of this.

A
  • will disrupt the natural ecosystems, and can reduce the availability of certain food sources
  • dormice
  • house sparrows
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8
Q

how is pollution contributing to extinction and name some animals that are extinct

A
  • can lead to habitat destruction and alter the ecosystem function
  • golden toad.
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9
Q

how does hunting and collecting contribute to extinction and name some animals that are extinct

A
  • leads to the decline of animal species
  • Tasmanian tiger
  • wooly mammoth
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10
Q

how does competition from domestic animals lead to extinction and name some animals that are extinct

A
  • one species could get an advantage and kill the other animals.
  • many species of ancient dogs.
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11
Q

define conservation

A
  • preservation, protection or restoration of the natural environment and of wildlife.
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12
Q

how do nature reserves improve biodiversity

A
  • the natural habitats can be safeguarded and can start to repopulate under supervision.
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13
Q

how do restrictions to trade improve biodiversity

A
  • can prevent the introduction of invasive species and can regulate import of things that can e invasive to the environment
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14
Q

how does zoo breeding increase biodiversity

A
  • they increase population numbers and preserve genetic diversity
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15
Q

how do sperm/seed banks increase biodiversity

A
  • preserve genetic variation, can reintroduce certain features to the population
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16
Q

how does reintroductions increase biodiversity

A
  • restores ecosystems to their natural states and restores natural processes
17
Q

why is conservation of species important

A
  • sustains life on earth
  • provides essential ecosystems
  • can lead to climate regulation
18
Q

list the reasons for deforestation

A
  • agriculture
  • logging
  • infrastructure
  • livestock
  • grazing
  • population growth
  • intensive crop cultivation
19
Q

what is copping

A
  • cutting trees at the base to encourage new shoots to grow and create diverse woodland structures
20
Q

what is selective cutting

A
  • removal of specific trees, leaving others intact which allows the forest to regenerate naturally
21
Q

what is long rotation time

A
  • delaying logging, growing a forest past a short life
22
Q

what steps can be taken to improve the efficiency of forestry

A
  • investing in good quality crops
  • make good choices when it comes to management
  • encourage the local government
  • create nature reserve parks
23
Q

why are diseases common on fish farms

A
  • they have poor water quality
  • overcrowding
  • inadequate diets
  • can be hard to treat because pathogens can become resistant
24
Q

negative impacts of fish farming

A
  • pollution of water
  • contamination of the area
  • transfer of disease and pathogens
  • nutrient build up creating alegar blooms
25
positive impacts of fish farming
- food security - environmental sustainability - economic growth - job creation - ecosystem restoration - biodiversity preservation