malaria

Question 1

what is the cause ?

of malaria

Answer 1

• p.Falciparum or P. Vivax

Question 2

where is the disease an endemic ?

malaria

Answer 2

• tropical and subtropical climates

Question 3

what is meant by the term Antigenic type ?

malaria

Answer 3

• they have different antigens on their surface that are very similar

Question 4

what are the symptoms ?

malaria

Answer 4

• mimics cold and flu
• fever
• anemia

Question 5

what is the cycle inside the human ?

malaria

Answer 5

• the p.Falciparum invades the liver cells and is hidden from the immune system
• it then leaves the liver and can be detected
• it enters the red blood cells which causes them to lyse

Question 6

when should the disease be targeted in the life cycle ?

malaria

Answer 6

• when there are sporozoite larvae in the blood plasma

Question 7

Describe the transmission process

malaria

Answer 7

• the female anopheles mosquito feeds on the human blood
• if the person is infected, the mosquito will take up their infected blood
• when the mosquito next feeds, they will pass on the infection into the persons blood.

Question 8

how can you prevent the spread ?

malaria

Answer 8

• interfere with the life cycle of the mosquito
• use mosquito nets
• insect repellent
• wear long sleeves
• reduce exposed skin

Question 9

why have vaccines been difficult ?

malaria

Answer 9

• it can have many antigenic types
• they can also change the antigens on their surface and go through antigenic drift
• antibodies can only attack the plasmodium outside of the cell

Question 10

why are drugs less effective ?

malaria

Answer 10

• parasite can only be attacked in the sporozoite stages nd can be avoided, which avoids an immune response.