What is a soft HR approach?
This is where employees are seen as the most important resource and are managed in the long term
- Employees are motivated through empowerment and development
- Appraisals are seen as developmental
What is a hard HR approach?
This is where employees are regarded like any other resource
- They are hired on a short term basis
- Managers believe money is the only motivator
- appraisals are thought to be judgemental
- Training is only done to meet the needs
How do you calculate labour turnover?
number staff leaving ÷ average number of employed staff x100
What is labour retention?
A company ability to keep employees
How do u calculate labour retention?
Number of staff at end of period - number of leavers ÷ number of staff at end x100
How do you calculate labour productivity?
output per period ÷ number of employees
What are the characteristics of an organisation with a tall structure?
- This organisation has lots of levels of hierarchy and they have have narrow spans of control
- If span of control is too narrow then employees may feel demotivated
What are the characteristics of an organisation with a flat structure?
- Have fewer levels of hierarchy which gives people more freedom
- wide span of control
What is a span of control?
This is the number of people who report directly to a manager
What is a centralised structure?
This is where all decisions are made by senior managers
What are the advantages of a centralised structure?
- leaders have lots of experience
- Consistent decisions as manager get final say
- quick decisions
- Mangers aren’t biased
What are the disadvantages of a centralised structure?
- Hard to find people with enough knowledge on the business
- May demotivate staff
- reacts slower to change as there are no managers in shop floor to see change
what is a decentralised structure?
when authority is shared out to junior employees
Advantages of decentralised structure?
- motivates workers
- day to day decisions are quick
Disadvantages of decentralised structures?
- junior employees don’t have much experience
- inconsistency may develop
How do you calculate labour productivity?
Output per worker÷number of employees
What is meant by labour retention?
A companys ability to keep employees
How do you calculate labour retention?
Number of staff at end of period - number of leavers ÷ number of staff at end of periods x100
What is labour turnover?
Number of staff leaving a business
How do you calculate labour turnover?
Number of staff leaving÷ average number of staff employed x100
How do you calculate labour cost per unit?
Labour costs÷units of output
What are the benefits of good employee relations to employer?
- business will develop good reputation among prospective employees
- productivity and efficiency is likely to increase as new ideas and ways or working quickly
