Hurricane Sandy

Question 1

When did Hurricane Sandy occur

Answer 1

29th October 2012

Question 2

Where did Hurricane Sandy occur

Answer 2

New Jersey (post tropical landfall)

Question 3

What category of storm was Hurricane Sandy

Answer 3

Cat 3 at max value
Post tropical cyclone when it hit NYC

Question 4

How many direct deaths from Sandy were there

Answer 4

147

Question 5

How much economic losses from Hurricane Sandy overall

Answer 5

$52Bn

Question 6

How much was the economic losses from Hurricane Sandy were there in NYC

Answer 6

$32.8bn

Question 7

How many fatalities in Hurricane Sandy

Answer 7

100+
Thousands displaced

Question 8

What happened to public housing residents in Hurricane Sandy

Answer 8

Trapped without lifts, heat or water

Question 9

What was the displacement like in Haiyan compared to Hurricane Sandy

Answer 9

Shorter because FEMA/state shelters systems

Question 10

What happened due to petrol shortages in Hurricane Sandy

Answer 10

Small business closures

Question 11

What was the economic recovery like in NYC after Hurricane Sandy

Answer 11

Insurance penetration eased recovery (better than Haiyan)

Question 12

What is insurance penetration

Answer 12

The ration of spending on insurance to GDP

Question 13

What were the impacts of saltwater damage after Hurricane Sandy

Answer 13

It inundated power stations and damaged subways

Question 14

What happened at the coast after Hurricane Sandy

Answer 14

Dune and beach erosion

Question 15

What was the floodwater contaminated with after Hurricane Sandy

Answer 15

Sewage and toxic substances

Question 16

What was the political response to Hurricane Sandy

Answer 16

National Guard mobilised
Mutual aid (Occupy Sandy was crucial in poor neighbourhoods)

Question 17

What was the political impact of Hurricane Sandy, what was the discussion

Answer 17

Whether resilience should be based on sea walls or ecological solutions

Question 18

What was the HMC mitigation stage for Hurricane Sandy

Answer 18

Some sea walls existed but system wide surge protection didn’t exist so the ageing subway and power infrastructure was vulnerable

Question 19

What was the HMC preparedness stage for Hurricane Sandy

Answer 19

Advanced forecasts and evacuation orders were issued
There was unequal compliance however so hospitals were stressed

Question 20

What was the HMC response stage for Hurricane Sandy (stage 1)

Answer 20

FEMA aid, shelters and mass power restoration
Occupy Sandy provided mutual aid in neglected (poorer) areas

Question 21

What was the HMC recovery stage for Hurricane Sandy

Answer 21

Millions invested in resilience
House elevations
Subway hardening
Rebuild by Design competitions

Question 22

What were the characteristics of Hurricane Sandy in the Park Model

Answer 22

Shallower dip in QoL than Haiyan
Faster rebound in QoL due to higher governance capacity, more insurance and fiscal headroom

Question 23

What did Hurricane Sandy show was the case in NY

Answer 23

Inequality; Wall Street and wealthy areas were prioritised over social housing by state emergency services

Question 24

What does the Park model show about the mitigation phase

Answer 24

It catalysed resilience (sea walls and managed retreat)