T1 > Hydro System > Flashcards

Hydro System Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the hydraulic system supply pressure to

A

flaps speed brakes power brakes landing gear

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2
Q

what supplies hydraulic operating pressure

A

two engine driven hydraulic pumps. one pump can handle entire system load

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3
Q

how many filters are in the hydraulic system

A

4 total (one from each pump, one in the return line, and one for bleed air going into the reservoir)

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4
Q

what can stop hydraulic fluid flow in an emergency

A

shutoff valves (f/h open/ close)

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5
Q

caution in the hydraulic system pertaining to high pump output and low reservoir capacity

A

a pressure line rupture causes rapid and complete loss of system hydraulic fluid

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6
Q

how much fluid does the hydraulic pump output

A

each can output 3.9 gallons per minute

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7
Q

what does engine bleed air do for the hydraulic system

A

provides positive pressure and prevents foaming

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8
Q

bleed air pressurizes the reservoir to? what is the capacity of the hydraulic reservoir?

A

15 psi 1.2 gallons

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9
Q

what does the HYD system normally pressurize at

A

1500 psi (ops limits: 1350-1550)

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10
Q

if the pressure exceeds 1500 psi, what happens

A

a relief valve opens at 1650 psi, relieving the overpressure condition

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11
Q

if the pressure relief valve fails to relieve the overpressure at 1650,

A

HYD PRESS may approach 1850, actuate the bypass valve

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12
Q

what is in the hydraulic valve package?

A

landing gear system, flap system, speed brakes (note - not brake brakes)

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13
Q

what does setting the HYD PRESS bypass switch to REL do? what is it powered by?

A

directs HYD fluid back to the reservoir . powered by the right load bus

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14
Q

the hydraulic pressure indicator is powered by the

A

left load bus

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15
Q

L or R PMP PRESS LO meaning

A

when associated pump pressure falls below 750 psi

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16
Q

refill line for the hydraulic fluid

A

.8 gallons

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17
Q

HYD LEVEL LO meaning

A

fluid level in the reservoir falls below .6 gallon

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18
Q

how is the landing gear controlled / operated?

A

electrically controlled, hydraulically operated

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19
Q

during hydraulic failure, how is the landing gear controlled?

A

emergency landing gear extension - mechanically falls into place. the EMER DOOR close uses nitrogen pressure to close the main gear doors

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20
Q

landing gear normal extension

A

placing handle down sends electrical signal. hydraulic fluid directed to main gear doors to actuate movement. then hydraulic fluid is used to close the main gear doors.

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21
Q

normal landing gear extension takes about

A

7 seconds

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22
Q

how far to pull the EMER L/G DOWN handle

A

approx 10 inches

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23
Q

emergency gear extension time

A

about 30 seconds. may need to yaw the plane to get it down (step on bad gear)

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24
Q

how long does it take to close landing gear doors with EMER DOOR CLOSE

A

approx 3 seconds

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25
downlock release usage
used to raise the gear when the normal landing gear handle does not actuate. only use if needed for obstacle / terrain clearance
26
landing gear warning tone on the ground sounds when
throttles are advanced to t/o power and pitch trim is NOT in takeoff range
27
the landing gear warning tone is powered by the
emergency bus
28
the landing gear tone sounds when one or more of the landing gear are not down and locked and either condition exists:
1. flaps at 0 or 10 and either or both throttles are below 70% n2 2. flaps extended beyond 10 degrees regardless of throttle position (can't silence this one)
29
gear lights are
press to test
30
what does nose wheel steering do
directional control and shimmy dampening
31
you can steer the plane ______ with just rudders. using rudders and differential power/braking you can steer _______
25 degrees 45 degrees
32
brakes are powered by
the hydraulic system (expect emer brakes which is nitrogen pressure)
33
braking is controlled by the
pilot applying the most force
34
what are the three types of braking
manual power anti skid
35
what is manual mode for braking
if normal HYD pressure is not avail, system HYD fluid pressure from the master cylinders will hold shuttle valves open, allowing HYD pressure to actuate the brakes
36
is manual braking effective?
not really, shout not be relied on braking from high energy states
37
what is power brake mode
requires normal HYD pressure. accumulator charged to 900 psi of nitrogen stablizes HYD pressure
38
does power brake mode work without anti skid?
yes
39
what is anti skid power brake mode
a system to electrically monitor/ control the power brake system. provides max braking efficiency with preventative wheel skidding
40
when is wheel skid control activated
about 14 knots tire speed
41
ANTI SKID FAIL lights when
- dump command is received for long time - gear extended and anti skid is OFF - malfunction
42
can you land with the brakes applied? (warning)
no, could result in blown tires, runway departure, damage to a/c
43
landing with anti skid ON, anti skid braking is avail when
wheels spin greater than 37 knots or if WOW sensed for approx 2.5 seconds, whichever occurs first.
44
warning for anti skid test
Do not test in congested area. after testing, normal braking with anti skid will not be avail for approx 4 seconds
45
what mode is braking in with anti skid off?
power brakes if hydraulic system pressure is normal. manual if not.
46
what is anti skid powered by
the right load bus
47
how does the emergency brake system work? how many applications are available?
through nitrogen pressure. 7-10 applications (7-9 if nitrogen pressure to EMER DOOR CLOSE)
48
how to apply emergency brakes
single steady smooth application
49
WARNING associated with emergency brakes
do not attempt normal braking because each line is joined at the shuttle valves. could cause locked brakes.
50
is anti skid avail during emer brakes?
no
51
caution associated with emer brakes
extremely effective and overuse may cause locking or skidding of tires. tire failure may occur making it harder to stop)
52
what does pulling the parking brake do?
traps hydraulic fluid in brake lines (only need to pump the brakes if engines are not running)
53
do not set the parking brake (3)
- hot brakes - low temperatures (freezing) - from the copilot side
54
how is the flap system controlled / actuated
electrically controlled and hydraulically operated
55
electrical power for the flaps comes from the
right load bus
56
FLAP ASYM indicates
a difference of 7 degrees between the main flaps
57
if flap asymm occurs,
electrical power is interrupted. the flaps will stop in asymm position and cannot be moved
58
what should you do with flap asymm (WARNING)?
pull FLAP CB. removes power from flap handle - flap actuation due to air loads or switch proximity is prevented
59
when is flap asymm detection not available
if the 26 VAC primary shed bus is lost
60
how are the speed brakes controlled / actuated
electrically controlled, HYD actuated
61
what do speed brakes do
extend to provide drag and slow the a/c. on landing they dump lift and put full weight on wheels to increase braking efficiency
62
can you use spoilers with speed brakes extended
yes
63
what does EMER RET do for speed brakes
used when speed brakes wont retract. dumps HYD pressure and speed brakes are blown down
64
what powers the hdyraulic pumps
they are engine driven
65
what happens when HYD filters are bypassed
there is no annunciator
66
what do check valves in the HYD system do?
prevent reverse flow
67
what does not get power from the valve package
the brake line
68
what are return lines in the HYD system?
2 lines. one from SB, LG, and flaps (contains filter). another line from power brake system.
69
main gear strut
min 1.1 inches
70
nose gear strut
approx 3.5 inches
71
nose gear torque link importance
unable to use nose wheel steering without torque link (can utilize differential braking / power)
72
normal and emer gear extension speed
normal - below 200 kias emer - below 150 kias
73
what to consider when taking off from snow / slush?
actuate gear a couple of times to prevent freezing on gear / damage to wheel well
74
what are shuttle valves
allows either brake pressure or emer nitrogen pressure to engage the brakes
75
what tells anti skid the speed of each wheel
transducer
76
when does hot brakes occur? what may happen?
8.1 mfp. fuse plug may blow and deflate tire
77
when does complete brake failure occur
14.8 million fp
78
brake energy absorbtion is ____________
cumulative
79
how much brake energy absorbed on taxi? down hill?
.5 mfp per mil 2 mfp for downhill
80
what do to when you have hot brakes
go to uncongested area. park - do not set parking brake. park into the wind. chock nose wheel. do not go near brakes for 30 mins. do not approach a/c from the sides. emer ground egress
81
how long does it take for max temp to come out of hot brakes?
15 mins, avoid for 30 mins
82
what happens to the four HYD equipment when you lose HYD?
lose normal gear extension flaps remain in position speed brakes blow down power brakes and anti skid is not available
83
landing distance with hydraulic failure
expect landing distance to increase 90% over computed 30 flaps landing distance. consider reducing weight to reduce approach speed
84
what do to if you suspect landing gear damage
do not retract unless to meet a climb gradient for obstacle avoidance
85
emergency gear considerations
150 kias or less takes about 30 seconds step on the ad gear
86
most likely cause of nose gear steering failure
torque link is not installed
87
tire failure landing considerations
burn fuel to lower approach speed. plan a 0-10 flap landing
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