hydrocephalus

Question 1

what is hydrocephalus

Answer 1

accumulation of CSF in cranium

Question 2

what age does hydrocephalus affect

Answer 2

mc in babies under 2y

over 65y can get normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 3

2 types of hydrocephalus

Answer 3

communicating and non communicating

Question 4

describe communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 4

caused by a blockage after the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaves the ventricles, typically a problem with reabsorption.
very rare
associated with TB meningitis

Question 5

describe non communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 5

mc obstructuon in CSF flow
caused by a blockage within the narrow passages connecting the ventricles, preventing CSF from flowing between them.

Question 6

rf for non communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 6

spina bifida
dandy walter
arnold chiari

Question 7

sx of hydroechpalus

Answer 7

• sunset downturned eyes (impaired upward gaze)
• gross cranial enlargement (>50% baby size)
• increased occipito-frontal circumference
• +/- increase ICP sx
• effect on motor and speech milestones
• bulging anterior fontanelle
• poor tone

Question 8

dx of hydrocephalus

Answer 8

CT head = ventriculomegaly obstruction

LP = increase opening pressure

Question 9

tx of hydrocephalus

Answer 9

VP shun t
endoscopic ventriculostomy

Question 10

sx of normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 10

hakims triad
1. wet - incontinet
2. wacky - AMS
3. wobbly -ataxic gait

Question 11

dx of normal pressure hydrocpehalus

Answer 11

LP = normal opening pressure

CT = ventriculomegaly + sulcal effacement

Question 12

tx of normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 12

VP shunting

Question 13

most common cause of hydrocephalu

Answer 13

aqueductal stenosis - leading to insufficiency drainage of CSF.