Imaging

Question 1

How see ovaries on ultrasound?

Answer 1

Near iliac vessels

Question 2

Define solid tumour on ultrasound

Answer 2

> 80% solid components

Question 3

How score vascular flow on doppler?

Answer 3

1: no flow
2: minimal flow
3: moderate flow
4: highly vascular flow

Question 4

Components of Iota Lr (logistic regression) 2 risk assessment? (6)

Answer 4

Use 6 factors

• age
• ascites
• flow in solid papillary projections
• max diameter of solid component (<5 mm)
• irregular surface cystic lesions
• presence acoustic shadows

Question 5

Name the M rules of Iota simple rules risk assessment? (5)

Answer 5

1 or more M rule and no B rule = malignant

• irregular multilocular solid tumour 100 mm or more
• ascites
• at least 4 papillary structures
• irregular solid tumour
• strong blood flow Doppler: score 4

Question 6

Name the B rules of Iota simple rules risk assessment? (5)

Answer 6

1 or more B rule and no M rules = benign

• unilocular cyst
• solid components largest diameter <7 mm
• Acoustic shadows
• smooth multilocular solid cyst < 100 mm
• no blood flow on Doppler (score 1 )

Question 7

Classification if both M and B rules present in iota simple rules risk assessment?

Answer 7

Can not be classified

Question 8

Identify and describe picture 8

Answer 8

Unilocular ovarian cyst
(thus Benign)

Question 9

Identify picture 9

Answer 9

Hydrosalpinx

Question 10

Identify and describe picture 10

Answer 10

Endometrioma (“chocholate cyst” ) or muCinous cystadenoma

Question 11

Identify picture 21

Answer 11

Solid cyst (>80% solid components)

Question 12

Label picture 14 - different techniques of tubal ligation

Answer 12

See pictures 14 + 15

Question 13

When is gestational sac visible on ultrasound

Answer 13

4,5 - 5 weeks gestation

B HCG 1000 - 2000

Question 14

When is yolk sac visible on ultrasound

Answer 14

5-6 weeks,
(Till 10 weeks)

Question 15

When is foetal pole with heart activity visible on ultrasound

Answer 15

5,5 - 6 weeks

Question 16

When is developing embryo visible on abdominal and TV sonar?

Answer 16

Abdominal: bhcg > 3000 - 5000
Pv: > 1500

Question 17

When is crown rump length most accurate for gestational age?

Answer 17

At 7-10 weeks
> 10 weeks loses accuracy

Question 18

After what gestation can ultrasound no longer be used to determine gestational age?

Answer 18

> 24 weeks

Question 19

BANC plus ANC frequency of clinic visits? (8)

Answer 19

<14 weeks
20
26
30
34
36
38
40

Question 20

When and why should first trimester scan be done

Answer 20

Confirm viability, establish ga, determine number of foetuses , gross foetal abnormalities, aneuploidy screening

11 weeks - 13.6 weeks

Question 21

When and why should second trimester scan be done

Answer 21

Gestational age and size, growth abnormalities, congenital malformations, multiple pregnancies, Cardiac activity, basic anatomy, placenta appearance and location

18-22 weeks