GCSE RE > Incarnation > Flashcards

Incarnation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is incarnation?

A

God taking on human form in Jesus

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2
Q

What does Son of God mean?

A

A title used in the New Testament to show that Jesus is God’s Son — fully divine as well as fully human.

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3
Q

What is a crucifix?

A

A cross with a figure of Jesus’ body on it, symbolising his sacrifice and death on the cross.

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4
Q

What does Son of Man mean?

A

A title Jesus used for himself that highlights both his humanity and his role as the one given authority by God.

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5
Q

What is the Magisterium?

A

It’s the Church authority to give authentic interpretation of the Word of God

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6
Q

What does incarnate son mean?

A

Jesus as God made human — the Son of God who took on flesh and lived among people.

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7
Q

What is Icthus symbol represent?

A

A simple fish symbol used by early Christians to show their faith and identify each other secretly.

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8
Q

What were the Beatitudes?

A

A set of teachings by Jesus, given in the Sermon on the Mount, describing the attitudes and qualities that lead to God’s blessing and the Kingdom of Heaven.

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9
Q

What is the Word of God?

A

God’s message to humanity, revealing his will, character, and plan for salvation.

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10
Q

What does the Alpha and Omega represent?

A

God as eternal — the beginning and the end of everything.
Alpha (Α) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet.
Omega (Ω) is the last letter of the Greek alphabet.

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11
Q

What does Sacrament mean?

A

An outward sign of inward grace, ordained by God, by which grace is given to the soul.

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12
Q

What does Eternal mean?

A

Lasting forever; having no beginning or end.

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13
Q

What does Grace mean?

A

The free gift of God’s love

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14
Q

What does the Chi Rho represent?

A

It is a Christian symbol made by superimposing the first two letters of “Christ” in Greek: Χ (Chi) and Ρ (Rho).
It was used by early Christians as a secret symbol of faith during times of persecution.
Today, it represents Christ’s presence, authority, and victory over sin and death.

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15
Q

What was the Sermon on the Mount?

A

A famous teaching by Jesus recorded in the Gospel of Matthew (chapters 5-7), where he explains how his followers should live and the values of God’s Kingdom.

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16
Q

What does incarnation show Christians?

A

The fact that God was prepared to experience the limitations of the human race shows how much God loves humanity

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17
Q

How does the incarnation help Christians?

A

Helps them value God’s love, as He knows what’s it like to be a human

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18
Q

Describe the annuciation

A

God worked through human beings to bring about his plan for humanity
‘And now, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son’

Jesus was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit
‘The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you’

The gift of Jesus had to be freely accepted. God’s wishes couldn’t come about without human involvement and human consent.
‘the servant of the Lord; let it be with me according to your word’

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19
Q

What is Luke’s account about the incarnation?

A

Mary’s role in the incarnation
Story of Gabriel meeting Mary

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20
Q

The annunciation quote

A

‘And now, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you will name him Jesus. He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High’
=Virgin birth
=Importance of Jesus

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21
Q

What is God fulfilling through Jesus?

A

‘Most High’
God is fulfilling His promise to the Jews

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22
Q

What is Jesus?

A

Fully man + fully God

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23
Q

What is Matthew’s account about in the incarnation?

A

Joseph’s role in the incarnation
A story of an angel entering Joseph’s dream

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24
Q

Describe the Matthew account of the angel entering Joseph’s dream

A

Joseph planned to break up with Mary as she was pregnant before marriage
An angel visited his dream and informed him that the baby was conceived by the Holy Spirit: it was right to marry Mary

The angel confirms that Jesus was sent to earth by God to save humanity from its sins = ‘for he will save his people from their sins’

Shows Jesus as Messiah as the angel describes him as a ‘descendant of David’

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25
Why is John 1 so different to the Matthew and Luke accounts?
-John 1 is a poem not a narrative -It focuses on the nature of Jesus -It wants to give the reader a clear understanding on who Jesus is -Emphasises Jesus as God and part of the trinity -Shows Jesus as eternal, therefore present at creation
26
Characteristics of The Word of God
The word is Jesus The Word of God is eternal like God the father the Word of God has always existed 'In the beginning was the Word' The Word of God is God's word The Word was God' The Word of God is distinct from God although united and co-exist there is a distinction between them 'The word of God was with them'
27
Proof to show that Jesus was fully human
If Jesus were not fully human, he would. not have been bothered by the pain and suffering of his crucifixion. But he knew that, as a human, his crucifixion would cause him great agony. 'Then he began to teach them that the Son of Man must undergo great suffering' 'Father, if you are willing, take this cup from me'
28
Proof to show that Jesus was fully God
Jesus could: Forgive sins Heal the sick Resurrect the dead But also when asked in front of the Sanhedrin council if 'he was the Messiah the Son of Blessed one(God)' Jesus replied 'I am' this reinforces he was fully God
29
Why was the Ichthus used?
-It was used by Christian as a declaration to their faith -Used to show they were Christian when secret meetings were held during the time they were being prosecuted
30
What does the Alpha and Omega symbolise?
Shows that Jesus is eternal Jesus says, 'I am the Alpha and Omega, who is and who was and who is to come'.
31
What is the Chi-Rho a reminder of?
-The death of Jesus (the slight cross shape) -Jesus was sent by God to save humanity through his death
32
Why is it not possible to portray God accurately through religious art?
An infinite God cannot be accurately represented using finite human means This can be seen as idolism when worshipping a statue or art which is against the 10 Commandments 'You shall have no other gods before Me.'
33
What are the Catholic's attitude towards religious art?
Jesus was fully human this makes it acceptable to show Jesus in a human form the bible teaches us that he was a man with human qualities any art that shows this has value Jesus was fully God which makes it acceptable to show God in a human form Jesus can be shown as a member of any ethnicity because all people in world were affected by his death and resurrection
34
What are the Catholic's attitude against religious art?
It isn't possible to portray God accurately. An infinite God cannot be accurately represented using finite human means Art can mislead people about what God is like. Because art cannot portray God accurately Praying in front of a statue or an image may mislead people many people might get an impression that the statue is being worshipped as a God It is against the second commandment many Christians believes that it is forbidden to create statues or paintings of God
35
Quote for religious art
'We declare that the production of representational art is in harmony with the history of the spread of the Gospel' Second Council of Nicea
36
What is Christ the Redeemer?
A statue of Jesus looking over Brazil showing His love for all humanity
37
Significance of Christ the Redeemer
The outstretched arms is a reminder of God's continuous love and how nobody is excluded from it. It is also a reminder of Jesus' death on the cross, Jesus accepted death showing His total love and obedience to the Father
38
What is the Sacred Heart statue?
A three-dimensional representation of Jesus showing his heart, often glowing or surrounded by thorns, symbolising his love and sacrifice for humanity.
39
Significance of Sacred Heart Statue
An expression for peace and love Flames coming from the heart, as a symbol of the burning love that Jesus had for all people A crown of thorns surrounding the heart to represent the crown that was placed on Jesus's head when he was mocked by the soldiers at his crucifixion
40
What is the crucifix?
A cross that has a figure of Jesus' body on it, symbolising his suffering, death, and sacrifice.
41
Significance of the Crucifix?
When Catholics look at the crucifix they remember the love of God poured out in Jesus He gave a chance for everybody to have eternal life with God
42
What did Jesus teach about the Law?
Jesus taught that it is more important to focus on people's attitudes if people start with the right attitude they often do the right thing
43
Give two examples of the beatitudes and explain them
'Blessed as the meek for they shall inherit the earth' The humble will be rewarded for their humility Shows how Christians should be humble and not put materialistic things over God as there will be better rewards 'Blessed are the pure in heart for they will see God' Those who have good intentions will always go to heaven Teaches Christians that God can see our intentions and we should go through life with good intentions 'love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you' Love your enemies: Jesus commanded his followers to love those who are their enemies and to pray for their persecutors. This goes against the natural human response to want to fight back against those who have wronged them.
44
What is the Parable of Sheep and Goats?
A story in the Bible in which Jesus tells his follower that in serving and caring for other people, they are serving God 'Truly I tell you, just as you did it to one of these..you did it to me'
45
What does the Parable of Sheep and Goats show?
It shows Christians how they should respond to those in need 'I was hungry you gave me food'
46
What was the main message of St Irenaus' teaching on the incarnation?
He showed how incarnation was important for bringing God + humans closer to each other
47
According to st. Irenaeus, who is Jesus?
-The meeting point between God and humanity -Jesus is fully God and fully Human
48
What did St. Irenaeus teach?
-God is invisible: He is beyond human sight and understanding But Christians can get to know what God is like through Jesus 'Whoever has seen me has seen the Father' -Because Jesus is the Son of God, he displays qualities of God This means Christians can develop a better understanding of God's nature through examining the life and actions of Jesus
49
Why is the incarnation important?
Jesus helped humans come to know God. This has allowed humans to become more 'fully alive' and reveal God's glory
50
What does the Dei Verbum 4 say about incarnation?
"For He sent His son... so that He might dwell among men" =God is revealed through Jesus and speaks through Jesus. He brings salvation to all people At the same time, we see Jesus' human nature. 'to free us from the darkness of sin and death' =Through the salvation of Jesus, we were freed from sin. Shows Jesus' divinity
51
What does the Verbum Domini 12 say about incarnation?
"...eternal word became small .... He became a child, so that the word could be grasped by us" The Word of God limited himself to human form, so humans could come to understand God 'Christ, the incarnate, crucified and risen Word' Through the very human act of dying, Jesus gave himself to God's hands. Shows that Jesus is our sacrifice Shows Jesus as the perfect human as 'Jesus does the will of the Father at all times'
52
Similarities and differences between Dei Verbum and Verbum Domini on the Incarnation
Similarites: Both understand Jesus as the Word of God becoming flesh for salvation Both believe in Jesus as God incarnate Differences: Dei Verbum primarily focuses on the revelation of God, including the Incarnation, as part of God's self-revelation to humanity. Verbum Domini is centered on the Word of God as found in both Scripture and Tradition. It discusses the relationship between the Word of God and the Eucharist
53
What is grace?
-The love that unites the three persons of the Trinity -Helps people to become aware of what God wants for them -Gives believers the strength to do what God wants - A free unconditional gift of love from God -Pours into people's hearts and calls them to a deeper relationship with God -Pours out from the Trinity and give life to all things
54
Quote for grace
God's grace is freely bestowed on a person'
55
What is the sacramental nature of reality?
- The whole of reality can be seen as a sacrament - The world and everything in it is a sign of God's love - God's presence and love can be seen throughout the world
56
What is baptism?
- When a person becomes a member of the Church - Water is poured on the person's head to symbolise the washing away of sin The waters were blessed by Jesus when He got baptised - Only happens once in a person's life
57
What is the effect of baptism?
The person becomes a child of God The person is free from original sin and the Holy Spirit can dwell within them 'I anoint you in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit'
58
What is confirmation?
- When a person choses to confirm they are a member of the Church - Their forehead is anointed with holy oil - Only happens once in a persons life
59
What is the effect of confirmation?
- The person's faith is strengthened and deepened - The power of the Holy Spirit is renewed in their life 'Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit'
60
What is the Eucharist?
- When a person received the consecrated bread and wine, the body and blood of Christ - Can happen on a regular basis during mass 'This is my body, this is my blood'
61
What is the effect of eucharist?
- The person received the life of Christ(Fullness of Christ) - This helps to keep growing in God's love
62
What is reconciliation?
- When a person confesses their sins to a priest and these are forgiven - Can happen on a regular basis
63
What is the effect of reconciliation?
The persons relationships with God is restored The passing on of God's power of Forgiveness 'I absolve you from your sins.....'
64
What is Imago Dei?
Image of God - Humans are made in the image of God = Human life is holy and should be protected - Human life begins at contraception (Luke 1:44)
65
What does Luke 1:39-45 support?
The Catholic belief that human life begins at the moment of conception - "For as soon as I heard the sound of you greeting, the child in my womb leaped for joy" (Luke 1:44)
66
Quote by Gaudium et Spes on abortion
'From conception life must be guarded with the greatest care.. while abortion are unspeakable crimes'
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