HEI in India; Foundations Era
- Indo-European migrations
- irrigation
- Indus River
- environmental degradation
Culture in India; Foundations Era
- polytheism
- Vedism
- Rigveda (hymn text)
Politics in India; Foundations Era
- Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa
- city-states led by kings
- Aryan invasions
Economics in India; Foundations Era
- trade with Mesopotamia
* spread of agriculture
Social Structures in India; Foundations Era
- labor specialization
- patriarchy
- emergence of hierarchies
HEI in India; Classical Era
- appearance of smallpox and bubonic plague
* impact of city-building and agriculture
Culture in India; Classical Era
- emergence of Hinduism; Brahman, dharma
- Upanishads and Vedas
- Indian epics
- Sanskrit
- Buddhism; Siddhartha Gautama
- Golden Age of math, art, literature
Politics in India; Classical Era
- Mauryan Empire (Ashoka + pillar edicts)
- Gupta Empire (Chandra Gupta)
- Kautilya’s “Arthashastra” handbook
Economics in India; Classical Era
- Indian Ocean trade
- standard currencies, weights, measures
- intensive agriculture
Social Structures in India; Classical Era
- cities - Pataliputra
- caste system (Law of Manu)
- patriarchy (sati)
- diaspora communities
HEI in India; Post-Classical Era
- cities
* agriculture
Culture in India; Post-Classical Era
- diffusion of Hinduism and Buddhism
* Islam arrives
Politics in India; Post-Classical Era
- disunity
- Sultanate of Delhi (Muslim North and Hindu South)
- Mahmud of Ghazni
Economics in India; Post-Classical Era
- city of Calicut
* Indian Ocean trade - spices, cotton
Social Structures in India; Post-Classical Era
- Hindu patriarchy - sati and seclusion
* Muslim patriarchy - veiling, seclusion, polygamy
HEI in India; Age of Exploration
*arrival of new crops via Columbian Exchange
Culture in India; Age of Exploration
- Sikhism - Guru Nanak
- miniature painting
- Shah Jahan and the Taj Mahal
Politics in India; Age of Exploration
- Mughal Empire - Babur
- Akbar the Great (tolerance)
- joint-stock companies arrive
- Aurangzeb (intolerance)
Economics in India; Age of Exploration
- trade with Europeans
* Indian Ocean trade
Social Structures in India; Age of Exploration
- tolerance and tensions among religions
- Hinduism and patriarchy
- Islam and patriarchy
HEI in India; Age of Industrialization
- resources (cotton, rubber, spices, coffee, metals)
- treatment for diseases (malaria)
- cash-crop monoculture
Culture in India; Age of Industrialization
- Sepoy Rebellion (caused by religious issues)
- influence of Christianity
- Gateway to India arch
- early national liberation movements
Politics in India; Age of Industrialization
- Sepoy Rebellion
- fracturing of Mughal Empire
- training of native troops by imperial powers (sepoys)
- British colonization
Economics in India; Age of Industrializaiton
- economic imperialism
- construction of infrastructure by Western powers
- industrialization of cotton trade
