Induction

Question 1

What does inductive logic start with?

Answer 1

Observations to be used as evidence

Question 2

What does deductive logic start with?

Answer 2

Given propositions or axioms

Question 3

How is inductive logic evaluated?

Answer 3

Either strong or weak

Question 4

What happens if the deductive logic is strong?

Answer 4

If it is properly set-up with true premises, it leads to a certain conclusion

Question 5

Does deductive logic use A priori or A posteriori observations?

Answer 5

A priori

Question 6

How is deductive logic evaluated?

Answer 6

Either valid or invalid

Question 7

What happens if the inductive logic is strong?

Answer 7

If it has true premises, it leads to a probable, but not certain conclusion

Question 8

Does inductive logic use A priori or A posteriori observations?

Answer 8

A posteriori

Question 9

A priori

Answer 9

Reasoning or knowledge that proceeds from theoretical deduction rather than observation or experience

Question 10

A posteriori

Answer 10

Reasoning or knowledge that proceeds from observations or experiences rather than from theoretical deduction

Question 11

To imply

Answer 11

To use one truth to suggest another

Question 12

To infer

Answer 12

Process by which one discovers the new truth implied by an old one

Question 13

Axiom

Answer 13

A presupposition upon which an argument is based, but which may not be stated explicitly in the argument itself.

Question 14

What are the two branches of deduction?

Answer 14

Categorical logic and propositional logic

Question 15

Categorical logic

Answer 15

Logic used to define and categorize things in detailed and is made up of terms and the verb to be

Question 16

Propositional Logic

Answer 16

Logic used to examine more complex thinking operations such as hypotheticals, either-or scenarios, or dilemmas

Question 17

What is the formula for inductive logic?

Answer 17

Strength + True Premises = Cogency

Question 18

Finish the sentence: if an inductive argument is strong…

Answer 18

it is unlikely that the premises be true while the conclusion false

Question 19

Finish the sentence: if an inductive argument is weak…

Answer 19

it is not probable that the conclusion be true, even if the premises be

Question 20

Argument by Analogy

Answer 20

Compares two or more things and then conclude based on the similarities and dissimilarities

Question 21

Abductive reasoning

Answer 21

form of logical inference (inference to the best explanation)

Question 22

What does abductive reasoning start with?

Answer 22

An observation or set of observations

Question 23

What does abductive reasoning seek?

Answer 23

Simplest and most likely conclusion from the observations