Information Processing.

Question 1

Define Information Processing.

Answer 1

The way we process and interpret information from the enviroment and use it to create movement.

Question 2

Order the stages of Information Procssing.

Answer 2

1. Input.
2. Decision-Making.
3. Output.
4. Feedback.

Question 3

Define Input.

Answer 3

Information that is picked up by the senses.

Question 4

Explain the Input Stage.

Answer 4

• Performer uses their sense to pick up information from the display.
• Receptor system / 5 main senses are used to collect info.
  External Senses : sight and hearing.
  Internal Senses : touch, balance, kinesthesis.

Question 5

Which Receptor Organ’s collect Information for the Senses [External and Internal]

Answer 5

External:
- Sight - Eyes.
- Auditory - Ears.
Internal:
- Touch - Skin.
- Balance - Inner Ear.
- Kinesthesis - Golgi Tendon Organs.

Question 6

Define Decision-Making.

Answer 6

Gathered information is used to make a motor programme.

Question 7

Explain the Decision-Making Stage.

Answer 7

• Using recieved information from the 5 senses to make a decision.
• Important information must be selected to make a quick and effective plan.
• Perception might be used to determine important information.

Question 8

Define Selective Attention.

Answer 8

Filtering relevent information from the irrelevant information.

Question 9

Explain how Selective Attention can be Developed.

Answer 9

• Overlearning skills to become automatic.
• Focus on important and relevant stimuli.
• Increase intensity of stimuli.
• Practise with distractions.
• Improve motivation / Positive reinforcement.
• Mental practise - know what’s coming next.

Question 10

List the Benefits of Selective Attention.

Answer 10

• Improve reaction time.
• Can begin movement quicker [response time]
• Focusing on relevant stimuli improves chancs of making correct decision.

Question 11

Define Output.

Answer 11

Completion of motor programme.
Movement.

Question 12

What does a Good Playmaker do?

Answer 12

• Looks at the Environment [Team Mates, Opposition, Direction of Play]
• Decides the best option available to them.
• Plays that option.

Question 13

What Year was Whiting’s Model?

Answer 13

1969

Question 14

Define the Environment.

Answer 14

Contains all information required to perform the skill/action, both outside and inside the athlete. Contains display.

Question 15

Define the Display.

Answer 15

The sporting sensory information surrounding the performer e.g. teammates, opponents, ball.

Question 16

Define Receptor Systems / Sensory Organs.

Answer 16

The organs by which we receive this sensory information e.g. auditory from ears, visual from eyes, proprioceptive information [position of the body]

Question 17

Order Whiting’s Information Processing Model.

Answer 17

Input.
Perceptual Mechanisms.
Transitory Mechanisms.
Effector Mechanisms.
Output.
Feedback.

Question 18

Explain the Input Stage.

Answer 18

Comes from Receptor Systems.
Senses pick up Information from the Display.

Question 19

What are the Central Mechanisms?

Answer 19

Perceptual Mechanisms.
Transitory Mechanisms.
Effector Mechanisms.

Question 20

Explain the Perceptual Mechanisms.

Answer 20

Selective Attention Occurs.
Filters out information being received by the Receptor Systems.

DCR Process takes place and a Decision is made.

Question 21

What is the DCR Process?

Answer 21

Detection of Information.
Comparison with Memory.
Recognition of Response.

Question 22

Explain the Translatory Mechanisms.

Answer 22

Decisions made in our Perceptual Mechanisms are converted to motor programs.

Commands are formed.

Question 23

Explain the Effector Mechanisms.

Answer 23

Neural impulse stimulates muscles [has an effect] via CNS.

Question 24

Explain the Output Stage.

Answer 24

Movement is produced.

Question 25

What happens after the Movement is Produced?

Answer 25

Feedback on the Movement. Can br Intrinsic or Extrinsic.