Inheritance / Genetics

Question 1

define gene

Answer 1

a length of DNA that codes for one polypeptide

Question 2

define allele

Answer 2

one version of a particular gene

Question 3

define locus

Answer 3

the location of a gene on a chromosome

Question 4

define genotype

Answer 4

the alleles possessed by an organism

Question 5

define phenotype

Answer 5

the characteristics of an organism often resulting from an interaction between its alleles and the environment

Question 6

define dominant allele

Answer 6

an allele is said to be this when its effect on the phenotype of a heterozygote is identical to its effect on a homozygote

Question 7

define recessive allele

Answer 7

an allele is said to be this if it is only expressed when no dominant allele is present

Question 8

define codominant

Answer 8

alleles are said to be this when both alleles have an effect on the phenotype of a heterozygous organism

Question 9

define heterozygous

Answer 9

having two different alleles of a gene

Question 10

define homozygous

Answer 10

having two identical alleles of a gene

Question 11

what things do you need to include in a monohybrid cross diagram/question?

Answer 11

• parental phenotype
• parental genotype
• gametes
• F1 genotype
• F1 phenotype

(maybe) another generation
- gametes
- punnet square
- F2 genotype
- F2 phenotype

Question 12

what are the rules within monohybrid inheritance?

Answer 12

• parents and offspring are diploid
• gametes are haploid
• write the dominant allele before the recessive