Protein Synthesis

Question 1

define gene

Answer 1

length of DNA that codes for a polypeptide

Question 2

characteristics of the genetic code

Answer 2

triplet (3 bases code for amino acid), degenerate (more than one codon codes for amino acid), universal (exactly same in all living organisms), non-overlapping

Question 3

mRNA

Answer 3

messenger RNA – transcribes instructions in DNA and carries to ribosome

Question 4

tRNA

Answer 4

transfer RNA – carries amino acids to the ribosome

Question 5

rRNA

Answer 5

ribosomal, composes the ribosome

Question 6

what does transcription turn DNA into?

Answer 6

mRNA

Question 7

what does translation turn RNA into?

Answer 7

protein

Question 8

why does transcription occur?

Answer 8

DNA cannot leave the nucleus

Question 9

what happens in transcription?

Answer 9

gene is unwound, hydrogen bonds between complementary bases break, complementary bases bind = catalysed by RNA polymerase