Introduction

Question 1

What is laboratory animal science?

Answer 1

The study of

• scientific,
• ethical, and
• legal

use of animals in biomedical research.

And the optimal scientific use of animals as models for man or other species

Question 2

LAS as a multidisciplinary field includes

Answer 2

• biology
• patho-biology
• genetics
• anesthesia
• experimental surgery
• ecology
• sociology
• ethology

Question 3

LAS is divided into two sections, the..

Answer 3

• Basic: The quality of the aniamls as research tools
• Applied: Development, vallidation and application of animal models

Question 4

Basic LAS

Answer 4

You need to characterise your animal model (i.e. know as much as possible about it) and standardise your experimental setup in order to minimise the between-animal variation

Question 5

What is a laboratory animal?

Answer 5

An animal that is used for

• scientific research
• diagnostics
• development and production of medical or chemical products
• teaching
• production of animals with altered genomes

Question 6

Characterisation and standardisation can be carried out on two levels, namely biological and technical.

Answer 6

Biological:

• health
• genetics
• social

Technical

• environment and husbandry
• experimental design and statistics
• experimental procedure
• welfare

Question 7

What is the difference between the swedish definition of a laboratory animal and the european definition?

Answer 7

Sweden: The aim sets the definition

EU: Based on what you are doing to the animal; everthing that involves a needle
anything that causes pain, suffering or persistent harm

Question 8

Work with which animals requires ethical approval?

Answer 8

• vertebrates
• cyclostomes and squid
• mammal and bird fetuses from 3rd trimester (e.g. chicken after day 13) and larvae that eat
• fish tagging and sample fish (since 2003)

Question 9

What does NOT require ethical permits?

Answer 9

• Observational studies with absolutely no interfering!
  
  • free-living wild animals
  • privatley owned naimals
  • zoo animals in purpose to improve welfare or to protect species
• ringing of birds

Question 10

Why do experiments including lab animals require approval by the ethical board?

Answer 10

In order to

• do a harm-benefit analysis
• to ensure that trivial work is not done

Question 11

Which is the most commonly used lab animal in Sweden (excluding samplefish)?

Answer 11

The mouse with about 74%

Question 12

Name the 3 Rs

Answer 12

Replacement

Reduction

Refinement

Question 13

What does “replacement” of the 3 Rs mean?

Answer 13

Use alternatives to animals

(orignially, also choose “lower” phylogenic rank)

Question 14

What does “reduction” mean in the context of the 3Rs?

Answer 14

Reduce the number of animals used in the study, without affecting the outcome of the experiment

Question 15

What does “refinement” mean in the context of the 3Rs?

Answer 15

Refine the situation for the animals used –> animal welfare without affecting the outcome of the experiment

Question 16

Name some alternatives to lab animals

Answer 16

Drosophila

Cell/tissue cultures

statistical analysis

computer modelling