ITP

Question 1

🧬 Pathophysiology

Answer 1

• Autoimmune-mediated destruction of platelets
  
  • Antibodies directed against GPIIb/IIIa on platelet surface
  • GPIIb/IIIa = unique glycoprotein complex involved in platelet aggregation
  • Antibodies tag platelets for destruction → removed by spleen

Question 2

🔗 Associations

Answer 2

• Autoimmune conditions (e.g., SLE)
  
  • Viral illnesses (HIV, hepatitis)
  • Hematologic malignancy (CLL)
  • Drug-induced (e.g., immune-mediated)

DAM HIV- drugs, autoimmune dis, malignancy, HIV
* NO asso with Pregnancy

asso with CLL-CLLIToris

Question 3

🩺 Clinical Presentation

Answer 3

• Bleeding from skin/mucous membranes
  
  • Purpura and petechiae

Question 4

🧪 Investigations

Answer 4

• ↓ Platelet count
  
  • Normal to increased megakaryocytes in bone marrow
  • Prolonged bleeding time (due to impaired aggregation)

Question 5

💊 Treatment (Tx)

Answer 5

• Corticosteroids (1st line)
  
  • IVIG – blocks Fc receptors in spleen
  • Rituximab – targets CD20 on B-cells → ↓ antibody production
  • Splenectomy – reserved for refractory cases (last resort)

CRIS- ccorticosteroids, rituximab, IVIg, splenectomy