Steps of joint tgting
- end state and cmdr’s objs
- tgt development and prioritization
- capabilities analysis
- cmdr’s decision and force assignment
- mission planning and force execution
- assessment
What is the Joint Tgting cycle
An iterative process that is not time-constrained, and steps may occur concurrently, but it provides a helpful framework
features of Joint Targeting
- Common methodology
- Authoritative, yet flexible
- Helpful to coordinate, synchronize, and de-conflict
- Minimizes duplication
- Aids in integration of capabilities
- Links objectives, effects, tactical actions
- Relevant through all phases of operations
importance of end state and cmdr’s obj
- Drives targeting
- Determines desired/undesired effects
- Sets targeting priorities
- Specifies damage criteria
- Sets collection requirements
- Establishes restrictions
3 steps of tgt development and prioritization
- tgt system analysis(CoG, taxonomy)- examination of potential tgt systems
- Entity level tgt development- progresses from id to execution level detail- TDN
- tgt list management- vetting, validation, listing,nomination,prioritization
JIPTL creation
- Component
- Tgt development nominations
- Candidate tgt list (NSL/RSL)
- Joint tgt list (no restrictions) have mil significance
- tgt nomination list- prioritized
- Joint Tgt coordination board decides and provides oversight
Capabilities analysis steps
- tgt vulnerability analysis- apsects of tgt if tgted would reduce function
- caps assignment- weaponeering
- feasability asessment- can it be tgted?
- effects estimate- first second and higher order effects identified. collateral damage is second order
weaponeering
- selecting weapon or system for damage or effect
- lethal and non lethal
Collateral damage estimate
Unintended or incidental damage to persons or objects which are not lawful targets
- CDE is conducted before operations to prepare the CDR for all possible effects of potential COAs. This allows the CDR to plan for potential outcomes, prepare an Information Operation to mitigate effects, or plan alternative COAs
- Commanders must conduct a proper proportionality analysis
- Facilitates risk estimation and mitigation
- Target is weaponeered to balance accomplishing the mission with the risks to U.S. forces and the risk for collateral damage
Commander’s Decision andForce Assignment
- and fuses capabilities analysis with available forces, sensors, and weapons systems
- Provides vital link between planning and ops
Mission Planning and Force Execution
- Component staffs conduct Mission Command and monitor execution
- Tasked units perform detailed mission planning and conduct their assigned missions
Target Engagement Authority
The authority to direct fires against approved targets. CDE level will dictate the appropriate TEA.
Positive Identification
The reasonable certainty that a functionality and geospatially defined object of attack is a legitimate military target in accordance with the law of war and applicable ROE
Assessment
Measures progress toward mission accomplishment
-In general, the level at which a specified operation, task, or action is planned and executed should be the level at which it is assessed
3 element of combat assessment
BDA
Munitions effectiveness assessment
Re-attack recommendation
BDA
- physical damage assessment, change assessment, and functional damage assessment, as well as target system assessment, resulting from the application of lethal and nonlethal capabilities.
- BDA is conducted post operations to evaluate the effects of the actions conducted on the target. It facilitates advising the CDR on the Measures of Effectiveness and the Measures of Performance.
Munitions Effectiveness Assessment
The purpose of MEA is to compare the actual effectiveness of the task to the anticipated effectiveness calculated
Re-attack
Future target nominations and re-attack recommendations merge the picture of what was done (BDA) with how it was done (MEA) and compares the result with predetermined MOEs that were developed at the start of the joint targeting cycle.
MOE
assess changes in system behavior, capability, or operational environment that is tied to measuring the attainment of an end state, an objective, or the creation of an effect.
MOP
criterion used to assess friendly actions that is tied to measuring task accomplishment. (tactical tasks)
Where does D3A fit into JTC
after cmdr’s decision and force assignment
Special Operations
Liaison Element
Typically a joint team provided by the JFSOCC / CDRJSOTF to the JFACC (Joint Force Air Component Commander) at the JAOC (Joint Air Operations Center) to coordinate, deconflict and synchronize special operations air, surface and subsurface activities with joint air operations
SOLE Director:
works directly for the JFSOCC / CDRJSOTF
- has no command authority; does NOT make decisions - places SOF ground, maritime, and air members in the JAOC - rep at the JFACC - Critical to integrating the ARSOF/JSOTF Commander’s targeting needs with the Joint Force
