KIR Flashcards

Question

unit 1 points for JLR | ownership, mission statement

Answer 1

* Ltd - control centralised under Tate motors * mission statement - 'to be proud creators of the most desrieable modern luxury brands'

Answer 2

* CEO is Balaji since 2025 * salary of $4.5 million * democratic leadership style - strong focus on people and culture

Answer 3

* main product - Luxury SUV * boston matrix - range rover -> cash cow but eletric is -> question mark * PLC - range rover -> maturity * premuim pricing, digital marketing with VR showrooms and premuim branding

Answer 4

* lean production - JIT to help reduce inventory costs and parts arrive exactly when needed * Quality assurance - standardised processes across all the factories and digital monitoring * robotics and automation help imporve accuracy when building the car and efficiency * CAD

Answer 5

* 2020 -£413million * 2025 £2.2 billion * **633% increase in 5 years** * 1.7% of global car market ## Footnote * bookings growth of 18%

Answer 6

* tall hiearchal structure * financial: performance related bonuses, competitive salaries * Non-financial: trianing and development, recognition schemes and job rotation * labour trunover of around 10% per year

Answer 7

* COVID - $66 billion * 2025 - $141 billion * **133% increase in 5 years** * 20% of smartphone market

Answer 8

* COVID = £1 billion * 2025 = £1.7 billion * **70% increase last 5 years** * market share is 30% of furniture

Answer 9

* COVID - £1.5 billion * 2025 - £2.6 billion * **73% increase in 5 years** * market share of 20% of toy market (no1 leader)

Answer 10

* COVID - $3.1 billion * 2025 - $3.7 billion * 19% increase in 5 years * makret share is 43 % in sportswear

Answer 11

* COVID - £1.3 billion * 2025 - 600 million * **-70% in 5 years** * 12% market share of vacumm global

Answer 12

**Pekka** * went from power culture when managing 200 finnish employees to thousands across the world so had to change culture * changed behaviour as spent 80% of his time on frontline with employees

Answer 13

**Nike** * use 'Nike kitchen' to develop innnovate shoes that athletes will try - differnetiation leadership **Amazon** * Amazon lab126 uses to develop alexa and kindle using cutomer centric innovation

Answer 14

**Amazon** * net zero by 2040, introduce electric delivery vans and huge investment into renewable energy, invest $2bn **John Lewis** * 'buy back and take back' reduce environmental waste, boost profit from 42m to 126m

Answer 15

**John Lewis** * ensure service quality across all stores, 88000 employees are co-owners motivating them **easy jet** * high regulated industry, 14000 employees over 30 countries

Answer 16

**Dyson** * very centralised with fast innovation driven from the top **JLR**: * autocratic leadership to impliment cost cutting culture, strong focus on results over employee

Answer 17

**Amazon** * focused on specific problems such as Alexa, delivery, warehouse.. * cut 14000 employees as wouldn't fit culture **Lego**: * multiple team projects working on AI, analytics and digital transform * community submit 135,000 ideas

Answer 18

**Grays Inn**: * self employed barristers with no central boss - each run own barrist * organisation support the individuals **Foster and Partners**: * architects have autonomy over projects * power is decentralised so decisions made by professionals

Answer 19

**Fresh and Easy** * done extensive market research for 2 years but ignored this * americans wanted small convenient stores but tesco implimented large supermarkets with self checkouts * £1.6bn loss

Answer 20

**Meta**: * cut long term R&D due to investor pressure * reality labs lose of $13.7 billion * cut 11,000 jobs to improve short term profit **Debenhams**: * capital expendiutre fell from £180m to £60m * let to collapse in 2020

Answer 21

**Amazon**: * high levels of R&D * $73.2bn in 2023 **Apple**: * high levels of R&D * spent over $100bn in last 5 years

Answer 22

**Nike**: * 'Nike kitchen' **Apple**: * 'reality labs' * mostly used for the development of AR and VR **Dyson**: * had over 5000 prototypes of first vacuum cleaner * dual cyclone technology

Answer 23

**Amazon**: * invested $775m into robotics in warehouse * reached worlds highest $73 billion **Dyson**: * £468m in 2023, 40% increase * spent £166m in new campus in philipines **JLR**: * invest $18 billion for eletric cars * largest in UK

Answer 24

**Amazon**: * £1.2 billion on staff upskilling programme for 300,000 employees * technical academy train up non-technical staff into software engineers **JLR**: * £20m invested into JLR academy to over 14,000 employees * include software, robotics and manafacturing

Answer 25

**Coca cola**: * brand extension as coca cola life introduced using natural sources **Dyson**: * technological innovation

Answer 26

**Starbucks**: * expansion into china **Tesco**: * enter the US grocery supermarket sector

Answer 27

**Alphabet**: * own many companies such as google, fiber, nest and calico

Answer 28

**Dyson**: * have over 15,000 globally for their innovations **Apple**: * has around 35,00 current patents

Answer 29

**Lidl**: * open up 151 new stores * achieved 6.2% of UK market share **Dominos**: * use e-commerece to sell online to customers to allow for expanding * 2024 - 85% over sales come from digital * retail sales of $19.1bn

Answer 30

**JLR**: * joint venture with cherry in china * initial $2bn investment and production capacity of 200,000 * profit of $47m **Disney Pixar**: * disney acquired pixar for $7bn * allowed sharing of high technology for animations * net income inceased 40%

Answer 31

**McDonalds**: * 41,800 stores worldwide * earn 30% of its revenue **Dominos**: * 20,000 stores globally * 100% franchised

Answer 32

**Lego**: * retrenched due to $300m loss * sold od non-core businesses such as LEGOLAND * cut 1000 employees * by 2006, made £160m profit **Ford**: * sold non-core businesses such as JLR for $2.3bn and Volvo for $1.8bn * cut 34,000 jobs which was 25% * profit in 2010 of $6.6bn

Answer 33

**Dyson**: * offshored to malasyia for as had specialist workers there * cut costs by 30% * allowed access to 70 countries (asia and australia markets) * cost £120m **JLR**: * avoid chinas 25% import tariff * china account for 20% of JLR sales

Answer 34

**Amazon**: * account for 37% of all US online sales * retial sales exceed $700bn in 2025 * 11% growth **LEGO**: * sales revenue grew by 12% * introduced lego website and app with a loyalty scheme | Many others: Tesco, Apple, Nike

Answer 35

**M&S**: * cyber attack - 9 months cutomers were't able to use online and soke information stolen * lost 99% of profits **Debenhams**: * unable to adapt to online quickly -> strategic drift * shut 124 stores and 12,000 jobs lost * bought by boohoo

Answer 36

**Amazon**: * highly specialised and managed separately * Operations = robotics and delivery * marekting = prime promotion and products **Tesco**: * large retailer so needs clear departments

Answer 37

**Nike**: * organised by product divison and geogrpahical area * allows faster product development and better global coordination **Disney**: * organise by the franchise (marvel, pixar) and by the function (animation, marketing) * encourages creativity and shares reosurces

Answer 38

**McDonalds**: * each regional has its own fucntional department * allows for preference to local culture and preference * Indian = McAloo Tikki * Australia = McOz **CocaCola**: * separate into different generla regions such as latin america and africa and have own fucntional departments there * Japan = Cocacola clear

Answer 39

**Unilever**: * beauty, personal care, home care... * sales growth of 3.5% due to power driving of separate products **Nestle**: * confectionary, nutrition, petcare and bevarges * 3.5% organic growth showing strong demand

Answer 40

**Apple**: * expand ecosystem service, push into AR and healthcare as core competency * use 'digital hub' to have clear marketing and use price skimming * 2023 $3trillion market capitalisation * release product but still have next 2-3 products ready * 72000 patents

Answer 41

**Thortons**: * lost market share due to Hotel chocolate * used commercial supplier -> sell throguh supermarkets such as Tesco and Sainsbury * closed all 61 stores * spent £45m but lost £130m

Answer 42

**Amazon**: * automation and robotics * set clear strategic direction * invest $100 billion in AI (750,000 robots) - long termism * save up to $10 billion per year - cost differentiation * employees trained and redeployed rather than replaced (Hackman and Oldham) * improve productivity **McDonalds**: * digitalisation e.g = self serving kios * strong communication with franchisees * clear vision of modernisation * digital sales now exceed 50% of total revenue * invest $1.2 billion in 2023 * AI powered kitchens = real time sensors to automate cooking processes across 43000 restaurants

Answer 43

**Twitter acquisition**: * X (Elon Musk) * poor communication - made sudden layoffs of 80% of the workforce * autocratic style -> hardcore work culture which aliented staff **Sports direct**: * poor coomunication which created confusion and resistance due to autrocratic * share price fell by 50% and 76% of atff on zero hour contracts

Answer 44

**John lewis** * focus on fairness and wellbeing * 80K+ partners * £46 million invested into sustainability and community programmes **IKEA** * 97% suppliers meet IWAY standards * 0 tolerance policy for child labour

Answer 45

**Apple**: * eocsystem of world class products * create high cutomer loyalty and repeat purchase, 90% customer retention **IKEA**: * flat pack engineering * cost competitve advantage as can ship a larger amount and not easy to copy, keep prices 30% loweer than competitors * over 1000 suppliers in 50 countries

Answer 46

**McDonalds**: * global standardisation requires central control, due to franchise has limited autonomy * 90% frnachises so must protect brand * need to negotiate huge economies of scale **Amazon**: * major decisions made at the top such as product launches and cost cutting * delivery centres all ensured to have 1 day delivery

Answer 47

**John lewis**: * due to partnership employees have a voice * stores can be tailoured for layout and local decisions **IKEA**: * individual store layouts and marketing can be based of local * country managers have autonomy

Answer 48

**Fresh and Easy**: * R&D for 2 years over there to understand americans like big stores * Tesco offered smaller stores, with limited product range and self checkouts * all 208 stores closed * lost $1.6bn

Answer 49

* failed to compete online with big competitors such as ASOS and Boohoo * share price collasped 95% * spending on refurbishments on stores was cut by 77% leaving stores outdated * £1.2bn debt

Answer 50

**John Lewis**: * employee ownership model * employees have high levels of empowerment **LEGO**: * family-friendly policies for wellbeing * 33k+ employees with strong development pathways * invest £40,000 per year per employee roughly

Answer 51

**Amazon**: * high labour turnover * short term or zero hour contracts * tight performance monitoring **McDonalds**: * tight control over employee-> standardised procedures * easily replaceable labour due to low skill

Answer 52

**McDonalds**: * use part time and zero hour contracts -> ensure right volume of lbaour and maximise productivity of each employee **Amazon**: * zero hour contracts -> meet surge in demand **John Lewis**: * seasonal contracts -> espcially after christmas advert

KIR Flashcards

(76 cards)