Knee

Question 1

What bones does the knee joint consist of?

Answer 1

• femur
• patella
• tibia
• fibula

Question 2

What is the function of the meniscus?

Answer 2

stability, synovial fluid distribution and shock absorption, nutrients

Question 3

What is the meniscus?

Answer 3

fibrocartilage that attaches to coronary and menscofemoral ligament

Question 4

What is the function of the ACL?

Answer 4

prevents the tibia from sliding in front of the femur

Question 5

What is the function of the PCL?

Answer 5

prevents tibia from sliding behind the femur (hyperextension)

Question 6

What is the bursa?

Answer 6

fibrous tissue, lined with synovial membrane, containing synovial fluid

Question 7

What direction does the ACL and PCL lie in?

Answer 7

LAMP
Lateral (ACL) - medially
Medial (PCL) - laterally

Question 8

What movements do the intracapsular ligaments control?

Answer 8

• rotation
• anterior to posterior glides of tibia
• posteriot to anterior glides of tibia

Question 9

What does the pes anserine consist of?

Answer 9

Three tendons: semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius

Question 10

What is a medical condition related to the pes anserine?

Answer 10

Pes anserine bursitis or tendinopathy - causes medical knee pain

Question 11

What does irritation at the friction point cause?

Answer 11

Iliotibial band syndrome - sharp pain at lateral condyre

Question 12

What does the popliteal fossa contain?

Answer 12

• popliteal artery
• popliteal vein

Question 13

What is the clinical relevance of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 13

• swelling of it causes Baker’s cyst
• popliteal aneurysm

Question 14

What does the common peroneal nerve consist of?

Answer 14

• Deep peroneal nerve (function is dorsiflexion and sensation)
• superficial peroneal nerve (function is eversion and sensation)

Question 15

What is foot drop?

Answer 15

The inability to dorsiflex or evert the foot caused by damage to common peroneal nerve

Question 16

What does the sciatic nerve divide into?

Answer 16

• common peroneal nerve
• tibial nerve

Question 17

What are the names of the joints that are located in the knee region?

Answer 17

• tibiofemoral
• patellofemoral
• superior tibiofibular

Question 18

What type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?

Answer 18

Synovial (hinge joint)

Question 19

What does the synovial joint in this tibiofemoral region consist of?

Answer 19

• hyaline cartilage
• capsule
• capsular ligament

Question 20

Where does menisci attach to?

Answer 20

coronary and mensciofemoral ligament

Question 21

What are the names of extra capsular ligaments?

Answer 21

• Medial collateral (tibial)
• Lateral collateral (fibular)
• oblique popliteal
• arcuate popliteal

Question 22

What is the function of the patellofemoral joint?

Answer 22

Helps the knee to extend by lengthening lever arm of quadriceps

Question 23

What is patellar tracking?

Answer 23

It is how the patella moves over the femur during flexion and extension

Question 24

What is involved in patellar tracking?

Answer 24

• Femoral condyles
• Shape of patella
• Medial/lateral retinaculum
• Ligamentum patellae
• Quadricep
• Iliotibial tract

Question 25

What is the function of the superior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 25

involved in the bending of the ankle and the foot.

Question 25

What type of joint is a superior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 25

Synovial joint