NPTE - MSK > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

(50 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

explain anteromedial/anterolateral
vs
posteromedial/posterolateral

A

AM = ACL and MCL
AL = ACL and PCL

PM = PCL and MCL
PL = PCL and LCL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

grading of ligament injury

A

Grade 1-3 - based on instability
1 = little to none
2 = minimal/moderate
3 = extreme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

“unhappy triad” of knee ligament injury
- ligs involved
- MOI

A

MCL, ACL, medial meniscus

valugs, flexion and ER with a planted foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cause of meniscal tear

A

shear stress during tibiofemoral:
flexion
compression
rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

s/s of meniscal injuries

A

med/lat joint pain
effusion
joint popping
knee buckling
limited ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

abnormal patellar positioning

A

patella alta/baja

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

patella alta

A

patella tracking superiorly in intercondylar notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

patella baja

A

patella tracking inferiorly in intercondylar notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

knee ligament sprain common MOIs

A

onset linked with precipitating trauma (deceleration, cutting)

an audible/felt pop

hemarthrosis (bleeding into jt)

knee effusion

subjetive knee instability

excessive tibiofemoral laxity (pain)

poor strength, coordination, and abnormal mvmt pattern during cutting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

common PFPS population age characteristics

A

aged 20-50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

patellofemoral pain syndrome

A

elevated PF joint loading due to trauma, biomechanics and/or mm tightness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

differential diagnosis of PFPS

A

may be associated with patellar tendinopathy/chondromalacia

– differentiate from bursitis / fat pad syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hoffa’s syndrome

A

inflammation of infrapatellar fat pad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

patellar tendinosis

A

degenerative condition of patella tendon
– due to overload/overuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IT band syndrome

A

tight IT band causing abnormal gait pattern

– inflammation/thickening of trochanteric bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

risk factor for meniscal lesion

A

cutting/pivoting
older age, delayed ACL reconstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

objective measures related to meniscal lesions

A

modified stroke test
knee ROM
quad iso mm testing
McMurrays/palpation of jt line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

diagnosis of menisical lesion with “fair level of certainty”

A

twisting injury

tearing sensation

delayed effusion
hx of catching/locking

pain w/ forced hyperextension/max flexion

(+) McMurray / Thessaly

jt line tenderness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

meniscal lesion interventions

A

(B Level):
- early, progressive AROM
- supervised rehab program
- strength training (w/wo NMES) for knee/hip mm post-sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

WB restriction related to meniscal injury

A

around 6-8 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

IT band syndrome exam

Study These Flashcards
A

noble compression test
ober’s test
focal tenderness to lateral femoral condyle

22
Q

PT goals/outcomes related to IT band syndrome

Study These Flashcards
A

modalities/manual for pain/inflammation

hip AD strengthening

manual/rom to TFL, glute max, and lateral patellar retinaculum

gait training/education

23
Q

femoral condyle fracture
- MOI

Study These Flashcards
A

most often involved

common MOI being a fall

shearing, trauma, impact and avulsions

24
Q

tibial plateau fx

Study These Flashcards
A

common MOI
-knee valgus and compression when in a flexed position

often occurs with MCL injury

25
epiphyseal plate fx
MOI = weight bearing torsional stress -- typically in adolescents, adults usually tear ACL in this way
26
patella fx
moi = direct trauma to patella (fall)
27
diagnostic test related to PFPS
loading of patellofemoral jt during flexed positions (squatting/stair climbing) patellar tilt
28
ICF categories related to PFPS
overuse/overload muscle power - knee/hip mm movement coord - poor dynamic control of knee valgus mobility deficit - foot hypermobility / HS, Quad, Gastroc/soleus, IT band hypomobility
29
outcome measures for PFPS
anterior knee pain scale KOOS - PatelloFemoral VAS/NRPS for subjective pain rating
30
PFPS interventions
(A Level) hip/knee strengthening - foot orthoses/patellar taping/mobs and LE stretching
31
what should NOT be done for PFPS interventions
dry needling manual therapy as stand alone
32
ottawa knee rules
>55 y/o unable to flex > 90 patellar tenderness fibular head tenderness NWB post-injury
33
lachman test - indication - protocol - positive
ACL injury knee flexed (20-30) femur stabilized, translate tibia anteriorly (+) = excessive translation/lack of end feel
34
anterior vs posterior drawer test - indication - protocol - positive
ACL and PCL pt knee flexed to 90 with foot flat on table - anterior translation of tibia (+) = excessive translation
35
posterior sag test - indication - protocol - positive
PCL injury hip and knee flexed to 90 in supine (+) = medial tibial plateau not extended past femoral condyle -- PCL is not present to force medial tibial plateau >1cm anterior to femoral condyle
36
valgus/varus stress test - indication - protocol - positive
MCL (val) and LCL (varus) valgus/varus stress applied at full knee extension (0 degrees) and slight flexion (30 degrees) (+) = laxity or pain
37
varus/valgus stress test interpretation at full extension
major disruption of knee -- if one or more rotary tests is positive
38
pivot-shift test - indication - protocol - positive
anterolateral instability - ACL pt supine, knee extended and hip flex/abd to 30 with slight IR -- valgus force through knee with flexion (+) = tibia "clunk" as knee is flexed at about 30-40 degrees
39
McMurray's - indication - protocol - positive
meniscal tear knee in max flexion, internally rotate (lateral meniscus) or externally rotate (medial) and extend the knee (+) = click or reproduction of jt pain
40
Thessaly's - indication - protocol - positive
meniscus tear pt standing on symptomatic limb with slight knee flexion pt turn to R and L (+) = reproduction of pain/click
41
patellar apprehension test - indication - protocol - positive
patellar instability pt supine with knee flexed to 30 passive lateral translation of tibia (+) = apprehension, flexing quads to stabilize knee jt
42
patellar tilt test - indication - protocol - positive
patellar instability pt supine with knee extended lift lateral edge of patella from lateral femoral condyle (+) = if cannot lift patella from condyle
43
noble compression test - indication - protocol - positive
IT band friction syndrome pt supine with knee flexed to 90 and hip flexion pressure applied to proximal/lateral femoral condyle and knee passively extended (+) = pain over lateral femoral condyle
44
brush/stroke test - indication - protocol - positive
knee effusion pt supine w knee extended at medial tibiofemoral joint, stroke upward (2-3x) to suprapatellar notch, then do the opposite (+) = if fluid moves and is observed
45
scoring of the brush/stroke test
5 pt scale based upon down stroke 0 - no wave produced trace - small amount 1+ = larger bulge 2+ = spontaneous return on upstroke 3+ = unable to move effusion
46
prepatellar bursitis common characteristics
aged 15-50 recurrent minor trauma of anterior knee MOI - direct trauma to anterior knee
47
quadriceps tear - etiology - s/s
20-40 y/o due to sudden eccentric overload (MPD - flexion hurts/extension hurts) swelling in anterior thigh
48
ACL intervention via CPG
concentric/eccentric in NWB/WB to increase quad strength within 4-6 wks
49
NMES indication following ACLR
indicated for up to 6-8 weeks for quad strength
50
ACL injury prevention
reduction in risk of ACL injury female athletes (<18) ESPECIALLY (12-25 y/o in general) - proximal control exercises and combination of strength plyometric exercises >20m per session - in preseason and continue through season
NPTE - MSK
flashcards
Decks in class (21)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions