KNES SEM 2 First Year > KNES 201 Final > Flashcards

KNES 201 Final Flashcards

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1
Q

What is physical activity?

A

Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure

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2
Q

Worldwide, __% of adults and __% of
adolescents do not meet the
recommended levels of physical
activity.

A

31%; 80%

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3
Q

What does physical activity impact?

A

Physical activity impacts Canada’s economy, it’s social and environmental well-being as well as health care costs. It even impacts our individual and community resilience to the impacts of climate change.

Impacts Include:
* Health
* Social
* Economic
* Environmental

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4
Q

Physical ____ and ____ were the two narrowly delineated spaces for becoming active.

A

Education and Sport

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5
Q

There used to be a view that physical activity was only for whom?

A

Young people and, to some extent, elitists.

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6
Q

Physical literacy is a _____?

A

Metaphor

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7
Q

What is literacy?

A

Ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute

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8
Q

What is physical literacy?

A

Captures the attention by the metaphorical comparison between two traits felt to be essential
to the selves - the ability to move fluently and the ability to use language fluently

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9
Q

Physical literacy is also a _______.

A

Philosophy

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10
Q

What are the 4 components of the physical literacy system?

A
  • MONISM
  • EMBODIMENT
  • EXISTENTIALISM
  • PHENOMENOLOGY
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11
Q

What is monism?

A

Body is not a machine separate from mind. Erases the mind-body dualism espoused by Descartes.

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12
Q

A significant challenge to establishing PL is people’s unconscious
presumption of ________.

A

Dualism

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13
Q

What is embodiment?

A

The body is seen as the centre of identity, inseparable from sensory experience and perception

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14
Q

We make meaning through
physical experiences like:

A

gaze, gesture, posture, facial
expression, (lack of?) movement

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15
Q

What is existentialism?

A

A philosophical lens holding that individuals CREATE THEMSELVES as they live in and interact with the world.

“Our existence is played out as an ongoing dialogue between ourselves and our surroundings.

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16
Q

What is phenomenology?

A

Closely linked to existentialism
A philosophical lens that holds:
Individuals make sense of the world as it appears to them

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17
Q

Each experience and perception we have is added to and blended with our narrative. What we experience and perceive iteratively makes us who we are.

This is an example of?

A

PHENOMONOLOGY

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18
Q

What is the original definition concise
of PHYSICAL LITERACY?

A

As appropriate to each individual’s endowment, physical literacy can be
described as the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding to maintain physical activity throughout the lifecourse.

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19
Q

Everyone can accrue great benefit from being physically literate, that is, from what?

A

Developing THEIR EMBODIED INTERACTION WITH THE WORLD.

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20
Q

How do we create a non-judgmental
Environment?

A
  • Curiosity Over Judgment
  • Add Context
  • Get Closer
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21
Q

As appropriate to each individual’s endowment, physical literacy can be described as the _______, ________,
________, knowledge and understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life

A

motivation, confidence, physical competence

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22
Q

In the first pillar of physical literacy, PL folks are motivated to take part in familiar and _____ activities across the lifespan

A

Novel

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23
Q

In the second pillar of PL, PL is _____ _____ embedded in the opportunities and challenges afforded by our lifeworld.

A

Culture specific

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24
Q

In the third pillar of PL, PL FEELS like _____ and ______ in movement.

A

Poise and Confidence

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25
In the fourth pillar of PL, fundamental movement skills underpin one's ___. THIS IS ______ _____.
PL; PHYSICAL COMPETENCE
26
In the fifth pillar of PL, PL folks are ______ and ______ in READING the PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT interacting fluently with it; responding effectively to demands both commonplace and novel. AND find this inherently ______
Perceptive and Creative Satisfying
27
In the sixth pillar of PL, PL folks possess a well-established _____ OF _____ as _____ IN the WORLD: derived from the development of self-awareness, competence, and self-esteem.
Sense of self as embodied.
28
In the seventh pillar of PL, PL folks UNDERSTAND THE PRINCIPLES OF _____ ______ including EXERCISE, SLEEP and NUTRITION
Embodied health
29
When you lose weight, where does it go?
84% breathed out as Carbon dioxide, rest as water
30
In the eighth pillar of PL, PL folks, through fluid ________ and sensitivity to their embodied _______, develop empathetic non-verbal relationships with others
Slef-expression; Capabilities
31
Physical literacy can be described as the ____ , ______ , ________ _______, ______ and _______ to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life
Motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge and understanding
32
What do exercise physiologists do?
Assess clients’ physical abilities and limitations, then design and implement personalized exercise programs
33
What are the physical benefits of PA? (Name a few)
* Improve fitness * Improve bone health; maintain healthy body composition * Reduce risk of disease * Improve management of disease * Support healthy aging * Increase energy & decrease fatigue * Improve cognition (e.g., memory, focus – implications for school/work!) * Improve sleep * Support GI health, menstrual health... * Etc...
34
What are the physiological benefits of PA?
* Improve emotional well-being – depression, anxiety, stress, mental illness * Improve self-efficacy * Etc...
35
What are the social benefits of PA?
* Community * Connection/ social support
36
What is long-term development?
A multi-stage pathway that guides an individual’s sport and physical activity experience from infancy to adulthood
37
What does LTD provide a basis for?
Developmentally appropriate programs that increase participation and optimize performance
38
1st three stages of LTD emphasize what?
development of physical literacy
39
After the foundation for LTD is set what happens?
potential progression towards sport excellence
40
What is the end goal of LTD?
being active for life
41
How many stages are in LTD?
7 stages + 2 pre-stages (First Involvement and Awareness)
42
Active for Life has what extra on LTD?
2 sub stages (Competitive for Life and Fit for Life)
43
What are the guiding principles of the LTD framework?
1) Quality is key 2) Optimal programming is critical 3) Inclusion is non-negotiable 4) Collaboration makes the system better
44
What are the most important stages for developing physical literacy in the LTD framework?
* Active Start * FUNdamentals * Learn to Train * Active for Life
45
What is the awareness prestage of the LTD model?
* Promotes an understanding of opportunities to get involved in sport and physical activity * Highlights opportunities for persons of all abilities to participate in sport and go as far as their ability and motivation will take them * Participants and leaders are informed of the range of activities available and how they can take part
46
Describe the first involvement prestage in the LTD model.
* First experiences participants have in sport * Ensure it is a POSITIVE first experience
47
Describe active start of the LTD model.
* Birth – 6 years = critical time in child development * Begin physical literacy journey * Age & skills: Basic human movements: sitting, standing, balancing, walking
48
What are the key outcomes of active start (LTD)?
* Development of basic human movements, such as sitting, balancing, crawling, standing, and walking * Not sedentary for more than 60 minutes at a time except when sleeping * Meet the 24-hour movement guidelines for young children * Some organized physical activity * Exploration of risk and limits in safe environments (Variety of movement environments including water, ice, and snow) * Daily physical activity with an emphasis on fun
49
What are the active start (LTD) program considerations?
* Create a safe and exploratory environment * Challenge children to try new things * Play anticipation games to help develop self-regulation * Play memory games that include a sequence of actions to help with working memory
50
Describe FUNdamentals (LTD)
Structured and unstructured games from early childhood increase complexity in movement and cognition; continued development of physical literacy
51
What age range is included in the FUNdementals stage of LTD?
Age: * Girls: 6-8 * Boys: 6-9
52
What are the goals of the FUNdementals stage?
* Develop a wide range of fundamental skills in different environments (land, water, ice, snow) * ABCs (agility, balance, coordination, and speed) * Positive attitude towards physical activity * Development of fundamental movement skills (MAIN ONE)
53
Describe the fundamental movement skills in the FUNdamentals stage. (1st Three)
Body control skills * Control position of arms & legs * Control posture * Control body orientation (balance, coordination) Locomotor skills * Moving in different environments Object manipulation skills * Different ways to send and receive objects with hands, feet, or with an implement (stick, racquet, bat)
54
Describe the fundamental movement skills in the FUNdamentals stage. (Last Couple)
Agility * Learn to stop, start, and change directions quickly Balance * Balance on different body parts when stationary, and ability to balance on both stable and unstable surfaces Coordination * Control all body parts regardless of body orientation Speed * Learn to move hands and arms, and legs and feet at high speed and using all available body strength to get the whole body moving
55
FUNdamentals: Where & Who can this be done?
Where * Schools * Community programs * Parents and caregivers Who * Teachers * Trained physical educators * Recreation leaders * Focus on multisport * Coaches * Avoid early specialization
56
What age does the learn-to-train stage include?
* Girls: 8-11 * Boys: 9-12
57
Describe the learn to train stage.
Start to take part in formal sport and physical activities * Engage in more organized learning, training, and competition * Continue to encourage unstructured play Learn fundamental sport skills in variety of sports and physical activities, including movement to music * Develop strength through exercises with own body weight and medicine balls * Develop endurance through games and fun activities
58
What are the key learn-to-train outcomes?
* Develop fundamental sport skills in a variety of activities played in different environments * Develop strength, endurance, and flexibility through games and fun activities * Develop speed, agility, and balance through warm- up and cool-down games * Finding activities in which they enjoy participating
59
Learn to Train: Where & Who?
Where * Schools (physical education, intramurals) * Community programs (local and regional levels) Who * Teachers * Trained physical educators * Opportunities for intramurals and friendly competitions * Coaches and recreation leaders * Opportunities to try different activities * Parents * Encourage participation
60
Learn to Train: Program Considerations?
* Create a safe space to try a variety of different activities * Learn proper sport-skill techniques for safety and success * Provide overview of the rules and safety considerations
61
Train to train ages?
* Girls: 11-15 * Boys: 12-16
62
Describe the train to train stage?
Sport specific skill development
63
Describe the Train to Compete (*podium pathway)?
Sport, event, position-specific training
64
Train to Compete stage ages?
* Girls: 15-21 * Boys: 16-23
65
Train to win ages?
* Girls: +/- 18 * Boys: +/- 19
66
Describe train to win?
Maintenance or improvement of physical capacities. High performance (i.e., Olympic & Paralympic games).
67
What age is active for life?
Enter at any age!
68
Describe active for life (LTD).
Working to meet the physical activity guidelines
69
What are the 3 streams of active for life (may be in one, or several)?
* Competitive for life - e.g., house league, master’s racing * Fit for life - i.e., staying active but not competing * Sport and physical activity leaders - i.e., contributing in other ways such as coaching, officiating, etc.
70
Critique of skills focus: Very little research on ______
meaningfulness
71
The meaningfulness depends upon what is valued in the ________ ______.
Individuals community
72
PA is more meaningful when?
Social interaction; voice and choice; fun; perceived competence; appropriate challenge; personally relevant
73
PA is less meaningful when?
adult-controlled; overly-structured; no play
74
_______ or _____ is critical in facilitating meaningful participation
Teacher or coach
75
Teachers and coaches should do what makes things meaningful.
Honour individual differences, task environment, set high yet achievable goals, involve studnets in desgine and evolution, and refelct and discuss.
76
What are the 10 ways to have a better conversation?
1. Don’t multitask 2. Don’t pontificate 3. Use open-ended questions 4. Go with the flow 5. If you don’t know, say that you don’t know 6. Don’t equate your experience with theirs 7. Try not to repeat yourself 8. Stay out of the weeds 9. Listen 10. Be brief
77
Don't share meaningful lessons with people unless you know they're ?
actually listening
78
What is incidental activity?
Non-programmed, built in/unconscious physical activity induced or motivated through design
79
What is built environments?
Refers to the human-made surroundings where people live, work, and play. This includes: * Buildings (homes, schools, offices, stores) * Infrastructure (roads, sidewalks, bike lanes, public transit) * Public spaces (parks, plazas, playgrounds) * Neighborhood layout (how streets, houses, and services are arranged)
80
What are the BENEFITS OF ACTIVE MODES OF TRANSPORTATION
Feb 9th slide 35
81
What are the 4 C's of positive youth development in coaching?
Competence, confidence, connection, character
82
What aspects of the coach affect the 4 Cs?
Professional knowledge/behaviors, interpersonal knowledge/behaviours, intra-personal knowledge/behaviours
83
KNES SEM 2 First Year
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